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剑桥雅思作文评分标准
在学习、工作乃至生活中,大家都跟作文打过交道吧,借助作文可以提高我们的语言组织能力。作文的注意事项有许多,你确定会写吗?下面是小编精心整理的剑桥雅思作文评分标准,欢迎阅读与收藏。
剑桥雅思作文评分标准:
Task Response
Coherence and Cohesion
Lexical Resource
Grammatical Range and Accuracy
雅思的4Gates就是其评分标准,分别为“内容”,“逻辑结构”,“语法的准确使用和范围”以及“词汇量”四个标准。
实际案例
根据下面的全面修改案例,读者可以清楚的看到一篇5.5分的雅思范文是如何在修改之前蜕变成为高分作品。
Cambridge 8 – Test 2
Nowadays the way many people interact with each other has changed because of technology.
In what ways has technology affected the types of relationships people make?
Has this become a positive or negative development?
原文:
Nowadays the way people interact with each other has changed because of technology.
Yes, the technology has changed the people’s interaction in very enhanced manner. Earlier people use to wait and try to find easy way to contact their friends or relatives leaving far. In past there was no quick technology to contact or to establish any communication between one person to another person. The drawback with past communication systems was that it were very slow and were time taking process such as telegrams, letter etc. People used to afraid to write their personal feedbacks or things to their love ones due to insecure medium of communication. When it comes to professional level, the privacy and accuracy should be maintain but, to that time there were no secure communications.
Now the things have changed around, people from far distance contact their loves one in an easy and quick ways which improves the interaction level between two person. Quality the level of the interaction between people to people, has improved because the people are equipped with high-tec technology which enhances the communication. There are many many medium which are available now such as internet, called cards etc.
The technology has provided the mobility faster which help people to talk or to interact at any time anywhere in the world.
People can contact their friend or relatives any time they want. It has become so easier and feriendly to be in touch with your feriends, relatives even with the unknown people.
原文翻译:
今天,由于科技的发展人们相互交流的方式也发生了改变。
是的。技术改善了人们的交流方式。以前人们总是期待找到方便的方法联系居住在异地的亲朋好友。以前没有高效的技术帮助人们沟通交流。以往的通讯系统的问题是速度慢,费时间,比如:电报和信件等。在过去,人们不敢给爱人写一些私密的事情因为担心通信不够安全。专业的通信技术应该是安全的、准确的,但是在当时根本没有安全的通信可言。
现在,这些事情已经改变了,住在远处的人们利用一种高效的方式联系他们的爱人。这些方式改善了人们之间的交流方式。因为人们使用了改善交流的高科技,所以他们交流的方式已经得到改善。现在有了很多这类媒体,比如:国际互联网、语音卡等。
这些技术提供了更快的移动性,帮助人们在任何时间、世界上的任何地方与他人沟通。
现在人们能够在任何时间联系亲朋好友。和朋友、家人以及陌生人的沟通变得更容易了。
(注:上述的习作存在语法错误和表达错误,因此对应的翻译也有一定出入。)
Sample Answer:
This is an answer written by a candidate who achieved a Band 5.5 score. Here is the examiner’s comment:
这是一位考生写的5.5分作文。下面是考官的评语。
The topic introduction has been copied from the task and is deducted from the word count. This leaves the answer underlength at 236 words, so the candidate loses marks for this.
文章的开篇是从标题中抄来的,所以不能算字数。剩下的只有236个字,考生因此失分。
This answer addresses both questions, but the first is not well covered in terms of how actual relationships have changed. Nevertheless, there is a clear opinion that the effects have been positive and relationships have improved, with some relevant ideas to support this. There is a general progression to the argument, with some effective use of time markers and linkers. There is also some repetition, however. Paragraphing is not always logical, and ideas are not always well linked. A range of vocabulary that is relevant to the topic is used, including some precise and natural expressions. There are quite a lot of mistakes in word form, word choice or spelling, but these do not usually reduce understanding. A variety of sentence type is used, but not always accurately. Errors in grammar and punctuation are distracting at times, but only rarely cause problems for the reader.
此文回答了两个问题,但是在回答第一个问题时,并没有充分讨论问题中关于现实中的关系是如何改变的。但是,文章展示了清晰的观点(这些影响都是好的,而且这些关系都有所改善)并配以相关的观点支持。文章的论证循序渐进,使用了很多表示时间的提示词以及连接词,但是个别有些重复。分段不够逻辑,而且一些观点没有充分的关联。使用了一些与主题相关的词汇,包括准确并自然的表达。虽然有一些词性、词义以及拼写错误,但是并不会太影响理解。使用了各种句型,但是很多不太准。语法错误和标点错误有时会干扰理解,但是不会给读者产生太大的麻烦。
修改后:
Nowadays,.(It is true that technology has shifted people’s communicative ways. 利用It is true that的句式突出后面的事件;Change和shift是同义词替换;the way people interact和communicative way是同义词替换。这样的改变可以避免引用标题中的原词。)
(拒绝非正式的使用方法。)The technology has changed the people’s interaction in very enhanced manner. Earlier people used(前后时态必须一致。)to wait and try to find easy ways(名词单复数)to contact their friends or relatives leaving far. In the past, there was no (词汇使用不当,应该改成effective)technology to contact others or to establish any communication between two people. And(重要的连接词,表示本句和上一句共同解释为什么“人们一直在期待找到更有效的通讯方式。”)the drawback ofthe past communication systems was that they (指代不清,这里指代的是communication systems)were too (表示“太”。)slow and were time-consuming (表示“费时”), including (这是应该使用分词形式,表示对主句的communication ways的具体描述。)the telegrams, the letter etc. Not only that,(这里需要连接词)people used to be afraid to write their personal feedbacks or things to their loved ones because of (because of 强调“外部原因”;due to 强调“根据”)information security (根据上下文理解,此处应该表达的是“信息安全”)of communication. (They worried their letters might be stolen or read by some strangers.这里可以继续描述人们的担心。)
However,(上文主要讨论过去的情况,而接下来将讨论现在的改变)now the things have changed around.(必须避免使用“,”连接两个句子。正确的处理方法是,要么采用断句的方法,要么添加连词。)People in a long distance contact their lovesd one in (effective and efficient) ways, which improve(主谓一致,which代替ways。)the interaction level between two persons. Quality (用词重复)of the interaction between people and people(主谓之间不能添加“,”。)has been improved(这里使用被动是因为沟通质量的提升是因为技术的发展。)because they are equipped with high-techdevices which enhances their communication. There are many(重复)mediummediaavailable such as internet, called cards etc.So the technology has provided better mobility , which help people to talk or keep in touch with each other at any time anywhere in the world.(不应该单独成段,应该和上一段结合在一起。)(本句应该被删除,因为没有提出任何新的观点,并且与上文的句子非常重复。)
雅思作文评分标准细则
1. Task response & Task achievement
此项评分标准检测的是考生是否恰当回答了写作要求的程度(degree to which the exam question has been answered properly).
Task 1的要求是考生在大约20分钟内完成一篇至少150字的文章,包括:summarize, describe or explain 图表所包含的信息,同时也需要对相关信息进行比较。因此完成一篇较好的小作文,需要做到以下几点:
1)Identify ALL key features (找出图表中所有的关键信息)
2)Provide sufficient detail for a meaningful explanation(进行解释说明时提供充分、适量的信息),但是不要太多也不要太少!(突然想起了老外吐槽咱们中国食谱中的加盐“少许”)同时保证在描写趋势和数据时的准确性。
3)A clear overview (一个清晰的概述):summarise significant trends/features(总结出最明显的趋势和特征)
Task 2 的要求是考生在大约40分钟内完成一篇至少250字的文章:就某一问题阐述自己的观点,并使用证据来支持此观点。请注意:task 2 的分值比task 1要高! 那么要完成一篇出色的大作文,需要注意以下几点:
1)respond completely to all parts of the question (回答题目中的所有要求)
2)develop and support your ideas (提出并使用论据支持自己的观点):不要只提观点!添加explanations, examples or experiences!
3)ensure your opinion is clear (保证整篇文章的观点清晰一致)
最后,提供考生们在写作时可以运用的一个checklist:标出题目中的关键词;找出问题中有几个部分;保证完成题目中的所有要求;写作之前先梳理出观点并确定其相关性;然后将观点进行分类和排序;严格遵循建议时间(20min+40 min)并达到最低字数要求。
2. Coherence & cohesion
该评分标准旨在考察考生组织文章以及连接信息和观点的能力。几个注意点如下:
1)进行分段
2)句首中心句
3)使用连接词或短语来连接段落和句子 (注意不要使用过度!)
3. Lexical Resources
此项评分标准考察考生写作词汇的多样性&准确性。
关于这一点,很多考生走入一个误区,认为用越多复杂和高级的词汇分数就越高。首先,我们必须承认,在表达同一意思的单词中,选择高级的正式的词汇确实有助于提高分数。但是,前提是这些词必须准确和地道,否则我们宁愿选择相对简单但是精确的词汇。此外,词汇中还有一点非常重要的是——多样性。一篇文章中,表达同一个意思的单词应尽量用不同单词、短语或其它方法表达。因此,词汇方面应该注意三个方面:1.高级或正式;2.多样性;3.地道和恰当性。
针对这一特点,文都留学建议考生抛弃平时“一个英文单词对应一个中文翻译”死板的记单词方法,尽量把单词放在句子等有语境的地方去进行记忆,或者使用英英字典查阅生词。这样不仅能记住单词更精确的意思,也能了解它的用法,而且,单词会记得更牢靠。
4. Grammatical Range & Accuracy
语法这一概念主要针对的是句型方面,主要指的是句子结构的准确性和丰富性,句子的长度和复杂性。句型和词汇一样,并不是越复杂越长就越好,前提是它一定要准确。当然,一定要句型使用灵活,可以简单句和复杂句混合一起使用。所谓的复杂句包括由and等连词连接的并列句,各种从句,也包括分词的使用。切记,千万不要为了使句子复杂,而强行将几个没有关系的句子用从句连接起来,否则,会导致考官不知所云的严重结果。
当然,语法准确性也包括时态、主谓一致、各种搭配、标点等小一点的语法点。希望烤鸭们平时多多注意这些细节方面的内容。
当然了,雅思考试中最重要的还是要体现词汇量,那么雅思词汇如何记忆才能不易忘呢?事实上,单词记忆是讲究方法的,死记硬背是不提倡的。今天小编就和大家讲讲背雅思词汇的问题,希望能对大家学习雅思词汇有一定帮助。
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