v-ing形式作原因状语,相当于一个原因状语从句。
Beinglate(=Ashewaslate),hecouldnotbeallowedtojoinintheactivity.
v-ing形式作结果状语表示,表示一种必然的`结果,常置于句末,可扩展成一个含有并列谓语的简单句.
Mr.Brownwaskilledinanaccident,leaving(=andleft)behindawifeandchild.
v-ing形式作伴随状语,其表示的动作伴随主句谓语动作同时发生。
Thestrangerwaswalkingthroughthevillage,looking(=andlooked)thiswayandthat.
v-ing形式作让步状语,相当于一个让步状语从句。
Knowing(=Althoughheknew)allthis,guarddidn’tletmeenterthelecturehall.
v-ing形式作伴随状语,相当于一个条件状语从句。
Working(=Ifyouwork)harder,youwillmakegreatprogress.