take 的常见用法与搭配
1. 表示 “ 拿去 ”“ 带去 ” 等,与 bring (拿来)方向相反。如:
Please take the empty cup away and bring me a cup of tea. 请把这个空杯拿走,给我倒杯茶来。
若语义需要,其后可带双宾语;若双宾语易位,用介词 to 引出间接宾语。如:
Please take him a cup of tea.=Please take a cup of tea to him. 请给他端杯茶去。
2. 表示 “ 搭乘(交通工具) ” ,比较下面的同义表达:
他决定乘出租车去火车站。
正: He decided to take a taxi to the railway station.
正: He decided to go to the railway station by taxi.
3. 表示 “ 认为 ”“ 当作 ” 等,通常与 for, to be, as 连用。如:
He took me for my brother. 他错把我当成是我兄弟。
I took him for an honest man [to be honest]. 我看他为人老实。
按传统说法, take…for 往往指不合事实地 “ 误认为 ” ,而 take…to be [as] 则可能指正确地也可能指不正确地 “ 认为 ” ,但现代英语已不完全遵循此规则。
4. 表示 “ 花费 ” ,主要用于时间,有也用于人力、人手、劳力、精力、脑力等。如:
The flight will take three hours. 路上要飞 3 小时。
It takes patience. 做这工作需要耐心。
It takes two to make a quarrel. 一个巴掌拍不响。
It took three men to lift the box. 抬这个箱子要 3 个人。
It takes a lot of labor to build a railway. 修筑一条铁路要花费许多劳动力。