南京明孝陵英文导游词

2023-11-29 导游词

　　作为一名尽职尽责的导游，就难以避免地要准备导游词，导游词一般是根据实际的游览景观、遵照一定的游览路线、模拟游览活动而创作的。我们该怎么去写导游词呢？以下是小编收集整理的南京明孝陵英文导游词，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读

　　南京明孝陵英文导游词 1

　　There are countless places of interest in China. They are thecrystallization and painstaking efforts of many ancient and modern people. TodayI want to talk about the Zhongshan Mausoleum and the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum inNanjing.

　　Our family took a bus to the east gate of the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum earlyin the morning. After we bought the tickets, we entered the garden. As soon aswe entered the garden, we saw a large area of land, on which many plum blossomswere planted. Those plum blossoms were all budding flowers, some of which werealready blooming. Just like the smiling faces of children, they were so pure, sobrilliant, and they were full of fragrance There was a charming smell. Then, aswe went on, we saw a signboard which said "Shinto goes from here". So we wentalong the direction it pointed to. Along the way, there were many bronzewarriors on both sides of the road. They were tall and powerful, like thewarriors guarding here. Then, we went on, and we came to the huge city guardingthe imperial mausoleum. We entered through the main gate of the city, wherethere were more than 200 steps. We made great efforts to climb up the city, andhere was the end, because the Royal Cemetery was not allowed to enter. So wewent into the lobby, which was empty, but the ground had to be 20 meters awayfrom the roof. I began to admire these ancients. How did they build the city sohigh? This is still a mystery in my heart.

　　Not to mention this, lets take a look at Zhongshan Mausoleum. Its a verylarge site, which can show our Chinese nations respect for great people. At aglance, there is a slope on both sides of the tree, which leads directly to thememorial hall. When I arrived, it was closed, but I was shocked. How they builtsuch a large national name and Party emblem firmly on it is also a mystery in myheart.

　　How happy the visit is!

　　南京明孝陵英文导游词 2

　　Xiaoling Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty is located at the foot of MountQomolangma in Dulong Fuwan, south of Zhongshan Mountain in Nanjing. It is themausoleum of the founding emperor Zhu Yuanzhang and empress Ma Shi. It is thefirst batch of national key cultural relics protection units. This royalmausoleum of the Ming Dynasty, which has a history of more than 600 years, isfamous for its prominent owner, large scale, unique shape and beautifulenvironment. In , the Ming Xiaoling was successfully declared as a worldheritage site, which made the Ming Xiaoling, which initiated the imperialmausoleum system of Ming and Qing Dynasties, become the focus of worldattention.

　　After more than 600 years of historical vicissitudes, the wooden structureof many buildings no longer exists, but all of its architectural remains areintact in place, the spatial layout is intact, and the natural landscape wherethe cultural remains are located is not damaged. They are enough to show theunique design concept, system pattern, construction scale and cultural value ofMing Xiaoling in the development process of Chinese imperial mausoleum Artisticachievements. Nowadays, the Royal mausoleums of Ming and Qing Dynastiesdistributed in Beijing, Hubei, Hebei and other provinces and cities are allbuilt according to the regulation and mode of Ming Xiaoling. In this sense, MingXiaoling is a masterpiece of art and a comprehensive achievement in the highlymature period of Chinese culture. It has created a new generation of Ming andQing Imperial Mausoleums and has a long history in the development of ChineseImperial Mausoleums The value and status of the monument.

　　It is the crystallization of political thought, social culture, aestheticconsciousness, architectural technology and national financial resources in theearly Ming Dynasty. The layout design and architectural form of the mausoleumhave distinctive style of the times and exemplary spirit. It not only inheritedthe excellent elements of the imperial mausoleum system of Han, Tang and SongDynasties, but also created a new imperial mausoleum system. The mausoleumsystem of Xiaoling in Ming Dynasty regulated the overall pattern and style ofmausoleum construction in Ming and Qing Dynasties for more than 500 years. Itsstatus was lofty and its influence was far-reaching.

　　南京明孝陵英文导游词 3

　　Welcome to the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum in Nanjing!

　　Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is one of the most famous historical and cultural relics in Nanjing. It is the final resting place of Emperor Xuanzong of Ming Dynasty and his Empress Wanrong.

　　As you enter the mausoleum, you will first see the Hall of Central Harmony. This is where Emperor Xuanzong and Empress Wanrong are buried. The hall is surrounded by nine courtyards and has a magnificent structure with a red roof and golden accents.

　　After visiting the Hall of Central Harmony, you can continue your tour to the West Tower, where you can admire the magnificent architecture of the palace. The tower has a beautiful view of the Nanjing skyline and the East River.

　　You can also visit the Ming Xiaoling Imperial Palace Museum, which displays a collection of ancient artifacts, imperial robes, and treasures.

　　As you exit the mausoleum, you can take a walk through the surrounding gardens and enjoy the peaceful scenery.

　　In summary, the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is a must-visit destination for history buffs and cultural enthusiasts. It is a symbol of the rich history and culture of China and is sure to leave a lasting impression on all who visit.

　　南京明孝陵英文导游词 4

　　Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty Zhu Yuanzhang and Empress Mas combined tomb, located in the southern foot of Purple Mountain, Durongfu play Everest, is one of the largest existing ancient imperial mausoleums in China, but also the largest Nanjing area, the best preserved imperial mausoleum, more than 600 years of history. In the second year, Emperor Ma died of illness and was buried in the underground palace before Zhu Yuanzhang, because Zhu Yuanzhang ruled the world with filial piety, and because of Empress Mas posthumous title of "Xiao Ci", the tomb was named "Xiao Mausoleum", Zhu Yuanzhang died in 1398, and was buried in Xiao Mausoleum in the same year.

　　Zhu Yuanzhang was born Zhu Chongba in 1328 to a poor peasant family in Haozhou, Anhui province. Both his parents died when he was young, and he worked as a beggar and a monk. In 1352, he joined the Red army of Guo Zixing, the peasant rebel army at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, and in 1368, he conquered the world and declared himself emperor in Nanjing with the title of Ming and Hon. In 1398, Zhu Yuanzhang died at the age of 71.

　　At present, the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is a national 5A scenic spot, and in July 2003, as an expansion project of the "Ming and Qing Royal mausoleum" was included in the World Cultural Heritage List.

　　Compared with some imperial mausoleums before the Ming Dynasty, the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum has its mysterious place, the general spiritual path of the mausoleum is straight, but it is curved, bypassing Meihua Mountain, reflecting the local conditions, but the allusion will be revealed for you later. Another unique feature of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is that it created the pattern of tombs in the Ming and Qing dynasties - the former dynasty and the latter. This architectural layout reflects the feudal etiquette, with emphasis on political and imperial power.

　　Now in front of us is the big Golden gate, also known as the big Red gate, it is the main gate of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, but also the main gate into the mausoleum area of the first gate. The door has three coupons, the middle door is larger, and the sides are slightly lower and lower. The big Golden gate used to be a single eaves resting on the top of the mountain, covered with yellow glazed tiles, with green glass rafters, red double-leaf, solemn and gorgeous, but it has been destroyed in the war.

　　At 70 meters north of the big golden gate is the monument building, he was originally a yellow glazed tile heavy eaves rest on the top of the mountain, the red wall is 26.86 meters long, now the top of the pavilion has collapsed, the monument building plane is square, four sides each open a gate, commonly known as "square city."

　　We can see inside there is a stone tablet, that is the Ming Xiaoling Shengong Shengde tablet, which is also the largest Nanjing area of the merits of the monument, the turtle steps of the monument is called giant 屃, legend giant 屃 is one of the nine sons of the dragon, the shape of the turtle like to load, so often used as the base of the stone tablet.

　　The whole stone monument is 8.78 meters high, which is built by Zhu Di to extoll Zhu Yuanzhangs merits, written by him personally, a total of 2746 words, divided into seven aspects, one is to describe the home Ping, the second is to plead for the people, the third is to give up the title, the fourth is to scrap the book, open six, the fifth is to choose talents, seize education, the sixth is to live simply, buried with the empress Ma after death, The seventh is engraved with the names of 57 royal children and 144 four-sentence eulogies. The completion of this monument marks the complete completion of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum. (398).

　　The stone Statue Road is the first section of the Sacred Road of Xiaoling Mausoleum, and on both sides of the road stand six kinds of 12 pairs of 24 stone beasts, four of each kind, two squatting and two standing, respectively lion, Echi, camel, elephant, kirin and horse, which embody the requirements of the royal mausoleum and each has a meaning.

　　The lion is a symbol of imperial power, but also to ward off evil, for the emperor Mausoleum road special. Xie Zhi represents fairness and justice, and as a god animal, it indicates that the emperor is upright in enforcing the law. The camel is the boat of the desert, representing the strong national strength; Elephants show stability; The unicorn is a legendary auspicious beast, and the horse is an important animal for people to drive. One is to commemorate the merits of Zhu Yuanzhang, so that future generations feel the majesty of the deceased and the countrys peace and prosperity, and the other is to pray for the town of demons to ward off evil spirits and protect Xiao Mausoleum.

　　The pillar is the starting point of the second section of Shinto, which is usually used as a symbol of tombs, palaces and temples in ancient times. After the second section is Weng Zhong Road, which is mainly composed of four pairs of stone statues of military generals and Wenministers. The wenministers wear court clothes and hold court wat, which is dignified and solemn. The general was armed and armed

　　Jin Wu, mighty and strong. If you look carefully, you will find that there are both old and young, and the young are in front of the old, indicating that Daming Jiangshan has been followed by people, Qianqiu descendants.

　　Lingxing Gate is the end of the guiding part of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, Lingxing Gate is widely used in the palace, before the altar temple, is a symbol of the royal system of the venerable door, is a symbol of ritual significance. In 2007, the original appearance was restored on the basis of the remains.

　　Do you remember what I said before about the major features of the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum? The divine path of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is curved in order to bypass this Meihua Mountain. Meihua Mountain was originally Sun Linggang, also known as the tomb of King Wu, is the combined tomb of Sun Quan and Lady Step of the Great Emperor of The Three Kingdoms. At that time, someone proposed to Zhu Yuanzhang to move the tomb of Sun Quan, but Zhu Yuanzhang insisted on keeping the place, and said: "Sun Quan is also a good man, let him guard the door for me."

　　In 1929, plum blossom was planted here, renamed Meihua Mountain in 1943, and is now a provincial cultural relic protection unit. In the early spring of every year, the ten thousand plants of plum blossom on Meihua Mountain open again and again, just like a sea of fragrant snow. It has become the custom of Nanjing citizens to enjoy the plum blossom on Meihua Mountain, and the "Nanjing International Plum Blossom Festival of China" held in Meihua Mountain every spring has become a famous brand of Nanjing tourism festival activities. Now we come to this bridge called Jinshui Bridge, the original five arches, symbolizing the rites, righteousness, benevolence, wisdom and faith proposed by Confucius, is now a three-hole stone bridge, the bridge base and the stone embankment on both sides are still the original Ming Dynasty.

　　North of the Jinshui Bridge is the main building of the Mausoleum area of the Mausoleum gate, because the mausoleum households that used to guard the Mausoleum are divided into Wenxiaowei and Wuxiaowei, Wendongwuxi, the gates on both sides of the Mausoleum gate are just the "square gate" system, so it is called the Wenwu door. It is yellow tile single eaves, the main door opens three voucher arch, east and west sides of each side door, the original door is embedded with a blue stone tablet, engraved with gold "Ming Xiaoling" 3 characters, for Zeng Guofan by the title. The current gate was restored in 1998 and changed to a civil and military gate in 2003.

　　Outside the east wall, there is a "special notice tablet", in English, France, Russia, Germany, Italy and Japan six languages engraved with the protection of Ming Xiaoling notice, but because there is no Chinese on the tablet, the surrounding people can not understand, and did not achieve the original intention of protecting Ming Xiaoling Tomb.

　　Pavilion display five tablets, in the middle of a engraved "rule long Tang and Song" four words, is the Kangxi thirty-eighth year of the southern tour of the Mausoleum, meaning to praise the achievements of Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang more than Tang Taizong Li Shimin and Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin, as the emperor of the Qing Dynasty so declared the world, on the one hand to show his respect and admiration for Zhu Yuanzhang, the second is to win peoples hearts. On both sides of the "Zhi Long Tang and Song" tablet are poems from the 23rd and 38th years of Qianlongs southern visit to the Mausoleum. On the back of the "Zhi Long Tang and Song" tablet are two lying tablets that record the grand events of Kangxis two visits to the Mausoleum. On the west side, this piece is engraved with the title of Cao Yin, the grandfather of Cao Xueqin, the original author of "A Dream of Red Mansions". (432).

　　The Hall is located more than 50 meters behind the monument, which is the main building of the mausoleum palace and the most important temple of sacrifice, and is also the main place for large-scale sacrificial activities. Enjoy the hall of large scale, built in the sixteenth year of Hon gwu, destroyed in the Qing Dynasty Xianfeng years of war, according to the existing site judgment, the hall was nine wide, five deep, built on the three-storey is a huge building on the pedestal. Now still preserved three layers of stone wall, three layers of stone balustrade, three layers of dragon spit water, three layers of stone stairway building. The current building was built in the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, for the single eaves on the top of the mountain, the scale is much smaller than the original, only three. The existing structure has 56 huge stone plinths and foundations. At present, the palace with Zhu Yuanzhangs portrait, the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum palace is held all year round with the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum related historical materials exhibition.

　　Then there is the inner red door, also known as the Yin and Yang gate, through this door, it means that the Yin and Yang boundaries are separated, this door at the same time divides the tomb into the front and the back of the bed, Zhu Yuanzhang created the front and back of the bed is also reflected here.

　　The bridge we are walking through now is Shengxian Bridge, and under the bridge is the third royal river of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum.

　　Square city is located after the Sheng Xian Bridge, square city for the Ming floor. Fangcheng Ming Tower is an innovative building of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum. Fangcheng is a large building on the top of the treasure 75.26 meters long from east to west, 31 meters wide from north to south, 16.25 meters high on the front, the lower part of the stone, in the waist part engraved with ribbons and square victory pattern, after more than 600 years of wind and rain Fangcheng external wall has been very mottled, the lime paste formed after the rain is covered with the wall, let people feel the vicissitudes of history.

　　Square city on both sides of the eight-figure wall, glazed tile roof, two layers of Xui seat, wall four corners have brick carving pattern, wall ridge for glazed tile. Surrounded by decorative brick carving patterns, the content of pomegranate, evergreen, peony, etc., symbolizing the reproduction of descendants and happiness, these brick carvings are artistic masterpieces of the early Ming Dynasty, after 600 years, the pattern is still clear and complete, so very precious.

　　Square city in the middle of the open arch tunnel, there are steps to step into, there are 54 steps, up the stairs, out of the Yongdao each stone level can board the Ming floor, Ming floor commonly known as "horse dressing table", is facing the south open three holes coupon door, east and west three sides of the middle of each open a coupon door, the building with square brick paving. The square city, the Ming tower and the tunnel add to the solemn and mysterious atmosphere of Xiao Mausoleum, showing the incomparable majesty and supremacy of the emperor.

　　Finally, we came to Baocheng Baoding, Baocheng refers to the enclosed city wall building around Baoding, the plane is irregular circular, the surrounding brick wall is more than 1000 meters long, the wall is about 7 meters high, the wall top is about 2.1 meters thick, and the stone strip is the foundation. Baoding is dulong Fu. It is a circular mound with a diameter of about 325 meters to 400 meters, and below it is the underground palace where Zhu Yuanzhang and Empress Ma were buried together. A pebble layer is added above the mound of the cemetery, which can prevent rain from washing away and can also prevent theft. There is a ditch for drainage on the outside of the treasure roof.

　　南京明孝陵英文导游词 5

　　From the fourteenth year of Hon gwu (1381) to the three years of Yongle (1405), it lasted 25 years. The military industry has been called 100,000, consuming a lot of manpower and material resources, and the scale is huge. At that time, the imperial wall built from Chaoyang Gate (todays Zhongshan Gate) to Xiao Mausoleum to the west and north of the mausoleum was 45 li long, and there were more than 5,000 troops guarding the mausoleum. At that time, the pavilions in the cemetery were next to each other; Enjoy the smoke in the hall, Songtao Lin Hai, raise a thousand deer. In the midst of the deer, the momentum is extraordinary. Due to repeated fire, there are only 24 Shenlie Mountain Stele, Xiama Archway, Dajinmen, Sifang City and Shengong to De Stele, Shandao Stone beast lion, Xie Zhi, camel elephant, Kirin, horse and other six kinds, Shandao stone pillar two, Wenchen Wu general four.

　　The spiritual path of the mausoleum begins at Sifang City. Sifang City is a monument, located between Wei Bridge and Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, is the Ming Emperor Zhu Di for his father Zhu Yuanzhang built "Ming Xiaoling sacred merit monument". Its top has been destroyed, only four square walls, there is a stone tablet standing on the turtle base, the height of 8.78 meters. The inscription was written by Zhu Di himself, a total of 2,746 words, detailing the merits and virtues of Ming Taizu. The pedestal and forehead are beautifully carved. From here, Shinto passes west through Waijinshui Bridge (todays Red Bridge), bypassing Meihua Mountain and then turning north, about 1,800 meters long.

　　One section is the stone elephant Road, which is lined with 12 pairs of stone beasts opposite each other, respectively, lions, camels, elephants and horses and other 6 kinds, two pairs of each, the posture is a pair of croups, one opposite. Behind is a pair of tall Hua watch, carved on the cloud dragon, extraordinary momentum. The Shinto path to the north lists four pairs of civil servants and generals in armor or boa robes, some of which are unfortunately damaged. The stone figures and stone beasts are very large and are art treasures of Ming Dynasty stone carvings. The scarlet gate of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is facing south, facing Meihua Mountain, and the three words "Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum" are written on the gate. There is a stone inscription on the east side of the door, which is engraved with the four golden characters of "Governing Long Tang and Song" in six Chinese characters of the General Administration of Westernization of the two Rivers and the Governor of Jiangning during the Xuantong period of the Qing Dynasty, which is the self-written title of the third southern tour of the Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty. After the pavilion, there were two imperial pavilions, the west is called slaughter Pavilion, and the east is called Gu Fu Hall, which have been destroyed today, only some stone columns and stone well bars remain. The foundation of 64 stone columns can still be seen on the site of the original hall, so it can be imagined that the scale of the hall was very large. Now enjoy the hall for the Qing Dynasty Tongzhi twelve years (1873) rebuilt, much smaller than the original, dedicated to Zhu Yuanzhang portrait. After the temple is a depth of more than 100 meters, tens of meters wide open space, is the place of open-air worship, in the middle of the path, lush trees on both sides. There is a stone bridge at the end of the Yongdao, called the big stone bridge, also known as the Shengxian Bridge, which means that after this bridge is the "immortal realm".

　　North of the bridge is a castle-style building 75 meters wide, 16 meters high and 31 meters deep, called the Square City. Square city is built with large stone, the middle of the open arch type inclined tunnel, there are steps to enter, a total of 54 levels. Out of the tunnel, there are stone levels to climb the top of the city. The top of the city originally built palace-style building Ming Lou, Ming roof and wooden structure has been destroyed, now only four brick walls, there are three arches in the south, the other three sides have an arch. On the top of the square city, looking far away, there are Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in the east, Meihua Mountain in the south, Zhongshan Botanical Garden in the west, and "Baoding" in the north, surrounded by verdant trees and pine waves, do not forbid visitors to think of the ancient secret. Baoding is a circular mound with a diameter of about 400 meters, that is, the underground palace where Zhu Yuanzhang and Empress Ma were buried together, it is surrounded by a stone wall, and its southern stone wall is engraved with seven characters: "The tomb of the Emperor Taizu of this mountain." Meihua Mountain because of The Three Kingdoms emperor Sun Quan and his wife buried here, the ancient called Sun Lingang, located in the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum due south of 300 meters.

　　南京明孝陵英文导游词 6

Dear visitors,

　　The scenic spot we are going to visit is Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum. Do you know who the owner of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is? This guys a big deal. Well introduce him as we go.

　　Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is located in Dulongfu Zhufeng, Purple Mountain. It is the tomb of Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and his empress Ma. Zhu Yuanzhang was born in a poor peasant family in Fengyang, Anhui Province in 1328. He joined the Huangjao Temple at the age of 17. In 1352, he joined Guo Zixings Red Scarf army at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, and in 1356 led the army to conquer Nanjing.

　　Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum was built in 1381, in fact, this piece of land of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is the original site of the six dynasties Kai Shan Temple, that is, we are now located in the east of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum Linggu Temple, but Zhu Yuanzhang in order to seize this feng shui treasure, but also a big construction of the temple site from Durongfu moved to the south of Zixia Cave. When the new temple was built, some feng shui masters came to make trouble, so Linggu Temple was moved again and now it is east of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum.

　　One year after the construction of the tomb, Queen Ma died of illness, because the posthumous title of Queen Ma after his death is "Xiao Ci", so the tomb was named "Xiao Mausoleum" in 1398, Zhu Yuanzhang died and was buried here, and the entire project was not completed until 142019.

　　The life of Zhu Yuanzhang: The life of Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhu Yuanzhang (1162-1227) was the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty. The name of the heavy eight, also known as Xing Zong, the word Guorui, Haozhou bell from the people. Zhu Yuanzhang was poor since childhood, his parents and brothers died of plague, and he entered the temple of Emperor Jue as a monk. In 1355, Guo Zixing died and was named Vice Marshal of the left by King Han Liner. In 1356, he led the army to capture Jiqing (Nanjing), renamed Yingtianfu, established Jiangnan province, called the Duke of Wu. In 1364, Chen Youliang was destroyed and he called himself the king of Wu. In 1367, Zhang Shicheng was destroyed. After Xu Da was taken as a general, he launched a northern expedition and attacked Dadu of Yuan. In the first month of 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang took the throne as emperor, Jianguo name Daming, Nian name Hon gwu, to Ying Tian as the capital, is the emperor Taizu.

　　Ming Xiaoming relies on Purple Mountain, and the mausoleum is meandering according to the mountain. The mausoleum abides by the tradition of Chinese architecture, with symmetrical axis, red wall and gold 甍, Hongmen giant stmonument, and stone carving of Shendao is solemn and profound. Cemeteries for Baocheng treasure top, that is, around the cemeteries wall, called Baocheng. The land in the city is the mountain, called the treasure top. Since Zhu Yuanzhang began to treasure city treasure top are circular (Qing Dynasty imperial mausoleum built in accordance with the Ming system, the treasure city treasure top is changed to oval), the first treasure city treasure top, the mausoleum shape of the first dynasty after the bed, creating the Ming and Qing Dynasties more than 600 years of imperial mausoleums. It is a national key cultural relic protection unit and was included in the World Cultural Heritage list in 2019.

　　First, the big Golden gate, the pavilion of the stone tablet

　　1. The architectural characteristics and scale of Dajinmen

　　2. The original architectural form and existing form of the pavilion

　　3, the common name of the pavilion

　　4. Introduction to the Monument of Merit

　　5. The content of the inscription

　　What we see is the first gate of the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum - the Great Golden Gate. At that time, the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum area extended from the two sides of the Great Golden Gate to an outer wall of 45 li, including the entire Purple Mountain. The original big golden gate was heavy eaves resting on the top of the mountain, covered with yellow glazed tiles, now the roof and the gate are gone. Only the tower and the three arches remain.

　　After the big Golden gate, we came to the Sifang City, which was originally a stone pavilion, because the top was destroyed in the war of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty, only four walls and four gates, each side is 26.86 meters long, like a square ancient castle, so Nanjing people commonly call it "Sifang City". The stone tablet in the four sides of the city is called "Great Ming Xiaoling Shengong Shengde tablet", which was established by Zhu Di for Zhu Yuanzhang. The monument is nearly 4 meters high, and the inscriptions on it are written by Zhu Di himself. There are 2746 words in the full text, which is divided into seven parts, respectively describing the life story of Zhu Yuanzhang. This tablet is the largest existing inscription in Nanjing. The following sacred beast carrying the tablet is called giant 屃, legend is one of the nine sons of the dragon, good weight. When Zhu Di launched a coup d etat to seize the throne of his nephew Emperor Jianwen, he immediately took a series of measures to consolidate the regime, one of which was to write a biography for Zhu Yuanzhang tree monument, singing praises, in order to win over the peoples heart. "Ming Xiaoling Shengong Shengde Monument" was completed in 1413, which is also a sign of the end of Ming Xiaoling project.

　　Two, Shinto, Meihua Mountain

　　1. The name, number and order of the six gods on the Stone Elephant Road

　　2, the pillar (point can be)

　　3. The name, number and order of Shi Weng Zhong Lu and his generals

　　4, Lingxing gate restoration time

　　5. Sun Quans Tomb and plum Viewing resort

　　Through the royal River Bridge, we came to the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum of God, God is divided into two sections, the first section is the stone elephant road, the two sides of the road from east to west in turn there are six stone beasts, respectively, lion, Xie Zhi, elephant, camel, unicorn and horse, each group of four, two stand two squat. The lion is the king of beasts, symbolizing the majesty of the emperor; Xie Zhi is a mythical animal representing the integrity of a king. The camel is the boat of the desert, showing the vast territory of the Ming Dynasty and the tranquility of the western regions of the country; The elephant is a symbol of the country and peoples peace and obedience; The Qilin is a kind of auspicious animal in Chinese mythology, which symbolizes the benevolence of the emperor. The last such animal to be seen was the horse, a symbol of loyalty to the emperor. There are three main functions of placing these stone beasts on both sides of the divine way: one is to record the achievements of Zhu Yuanzhang, the other is to show the national strength and prosperity of the Ming Dynasty, and the third is to pray for the evil spirits to ward off evil.

　　Past the stone Statue Road, ahead is the second section of the Shinto road, Weng Zhong Road. At the intersection there is a pair of pillar, pillar, also known as Hua table, standing in front of the tomb of God, also known as mausoleum table. Here there is the function of indicating the road, and from here, Shinto begins to turn in a direction due north.

　　On Wengzhong Road there were two pairs of generals, wearing armor and holding Jin Wu in their hands. Two pairs of ministers, wearing court clothes, holding wat board, look solemn. They are a pair of young people, a pair of adults, indicating that someone will follow. Why do you want to turn the stone man into Weng Zhong? Legend has it that Wengzhong was a famous general in the time of the First Emperor of Qin. After his death, the First Emperor of Qin ordered a bronze statue of him to be cast in his memory and stood outside the Xianyang Palace. When the Xiongnu people saw this statue from a distance, they thought it was Wengzhong and were afraid to approach it. Since then, the bronze figures and stone figures standing in front of temples and palaces or mausoleums were collectively called Weng Zhong.

　　At the end of the way of God, there is a Lingxing gate with six pillars and three doors. The original gate was destroyed in the war of the Xianfeng years of the Qing Dynasty, and the Lingxing gate seen now was repaired in 2019 according to historical materials. This is the ceremonial gate for entering the mausoleum. Located in the north of Wengzhong Road, the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum Lingxing Gate was destroyed between the early Qing Dynasty and Tongzhi period, according to historical data. Construction will begin in 2019 and be completed and opened in 2019. According to research, the structure of Lingxing Gate of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is the same as that of Ming Tombs in Beijing. The restored Lingxing gate is southwest to the gods, imitation wooden structure, three doors and six pillars, three doors side by side, more than 20 meters wide, more than 7 meters high. Materials as far as possible to use the original, the need to add stones are taken from the Ming Xiaoling project raw materials - Nanjing Qinglongshan. The pillar head and cloud pier of Lingxing Gate are all carved from stone, and the stone pillar foundation and Baogu stone are restored according to the original style. Lingxing Gate is the end of the guiding part of the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, symbolizing the king, when the emperor is buried in the underground palace, this door is the only door, so it is also called the dragon and phoenix gate.

　　On the east side of Shixiang Road, there is a hill called Meihua Mountain, and Shinto turned a corner around Meihua Mountain. It turned out that the mountain was the mausoleum of Sun Quan in the Eastern Wu Dynasty, and it was suggested that the tomb be removed when the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum was built, but Zhu Yuanzhang said: "Sun Quan is also a good man, leave it for me to see the gate", so the divine way was bent and just became the natural barrier of the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum. Now it has become a famous plum appreciation base in Nanjing.

　　Three, Jinshui Bridge, Mausoleum gate, Stele hall

　　1. Jinshui Bridge (click on it)

　　2. Architectural characteristics of Mausoleum gate

　　3. "Special Notice" tablet and six characters

　　4, the name and content of the five stone tablets in the temple

　　Now we see the Jinshui Bridge, the rear of the Jinshui Bridge is the mausoleum building of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, Jinshui Bridge originally had five, facing the five gates of the mausoleum palace, after it was destroyed in the war of the Qing Xianfeng years, only three were restored in the Qing Dynasty, we can see that the stone carvings of the bridge deck and bridge base are still relics of the Ming Dynasty, and the bridge railings were rebuilt in the Qing Dynasty. From here, the building, in accordance with the Chinese tradition, faces south and is symmetrical in the central axis.

　　Going up the slope, we first saw the Wenwu Square gate, which was the gate of the Mausoleum Palace. Its yellow tiles, red doors, red walls, all against each other

　　Look royal. The gate was rebuilt in 1988 according to historical materials, in front of the gate on the east side of the wall, there is a special notice tablet, established in the first year of Xuantong, written in Japanese, German, Italian, French, British and Russian, the content is to warn visitors to protect Xiao Mausoleum.

　　After entering the Wenwu square gate, we came to the monument Hall, the monument hall was originally the gate of Xiao Mausoleum to enjoy the hall, because the gate was in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom of war, the Qing Tongzhi years will be destroyed by the gate into the monument hall, there are five inscriptions in the temple, the middle one engraved "long Tang and Song", for the Kangxi Emperor handwritten, It means that Zhu Yuanzhangs achievements in governing the country exceeded that of Tang Taizong Li Shimin and Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin. Kangxi, as the emperor of the Manchu Dynasty, showed his respect and admiration for Zhu Yuanzhang on the one hand, and also had his good intentions on the other hand. At the beginning of Kangxis reign, the Han people refused to accept the rule of the people. Kangxi knew that it was not enough to rely solely on the Manchu policy of high pressure, but also on the Han people. He toured the south six times in his life, visited the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum five times, and performed the ceremony of three kneels and nine percussion, and in 1699, the third southern tour of the mausoleum titled "Rule Long Tang and Song", thereby winning peoples hearts. As the next two pieces are the Qianlong emperors audience with the poem tablet. There are also two tablets in the back, respectively, recounting the Kangxi Emperors first and third southern tour of the Taizu Mausoleum, on which there are records written by Tao Dai, governor of the two rivers, and Cao Yin, weaving doctor in the south of the Yangtze River.

　　Fourth, enjoy the temple ruins

　　1. Enjoy the past and present use of the temple

　　2, the original scale and now visible landscape

　　This building is the main hall of the original building of Xiao Mausoleum, that is, the old site of Xiao Mausoleum Hall. You can see the original three-layer sumi pedestal of white jade, which is three meters high, and the four corners of the three-layer pedestal are still left with stone carved dragon heads, and there are three steps before and after the pedestal. The red stairway in the middle. The upper steps are "Two Dragons playing with pearls", the middle steps are "Rizhao Mountains and rivers", and the lower steps are "Tianma Flying in the Sky". The original temple was destroyed in the war of the Qing Xianfeng years, we now see the 56 huge stone pillars retained on the base of the platform, each with a diameter of 0.91 meters, it is not difficult to imagine how spectacular the temple was at that time. At that time, the hall of Xiao Mausoleum was nine wide, five deep, heavy eaves hipped roof, covered with yellow glazed tiles, arch eaves, tall and strict, the scale of Xiao Mausoleum was far larger than the thirteen Beijing Mausoleum Ming Chengzhu Chang Mausoleum Hall. Now we see is the Qing Dynasty Tongzhi period restoration of the three-room small hall, the scale has been much worse than before.

　　Five, Square city, Minglou, Baocheng, Baoding

　　1, the layout of Fangcheng Ming building

　　2. Architectural features

　　3. The scale, shape and construction characteristics of Baocheng and Baoding

　　4. Changes in the seal of the grave

　　After the inner red door, through the Shengxian Bridge, the building is the square city, the square city is a huge building in front of the Baoding, the outside is built with large stone and huge brick stone, the square city on both sides of the eight-character wall, the wall is decorated with brick carving patterns, these brick carving is the representative works of the early Ming Dynasty. Through the middle of Fangcheng 54-level Yongdao, the face is the south wall of Baocheng, the front can be seen with 13 layers of stone built, on the book "the tomb of the Emperor Taizu" seven characters, it is said that these seven words engraved in the early years of the Republic of China, is used to answer visitors questions.

　　From the east-west road between Baocheng and Fangcheng to the south, you can climb up the stairs, which was originally a beautiful building with heavy eaves on the top of the mountain and covered with yellow glazed tiles, which was destroyed after the war of Taiping Heaven in the Qing Dynasty, only four walls remain. In 2019, the protection project of the Ming building was completed, and the morning Ming Building was officially opened to tourists in July 2019. On display are pictures of 19 imperial mausoleums scattered throughout the country during the Ming Dynasty.

　　Behind the square city is the Baoding, which is a round mound with a diameter of about 400 meters. On the top of the mound, the trees reach the sky. Below it is the dark palace where Queen Zhu Yuan Zhangma is buried. Boseong is a brick city with a perimeter of 1,100 meters around Boding. The shape of the imperial mausoleum in Baocheng Baoding has set a precedent for the Ming and Qing Dynasties for more than 500 years. Only the Ming Dynasty treasure top is roughly round, Qing Dynasty emperor mausoleum treasure top changed to oval.

　　Changes in the sealing of tombs: The form of ancient imperial tombs can be roughly divided into several periods: the Zhou Dynasty, the sealing of tombs. In the Qin and Han dynasties, "square", the upper part of the tomb was a square platform, and the lower part was a square large foundation, such as an overlying bucket. In the Tang Dynasty, the mountain was the tomb, and the tomb was another name from then on. In the Song Dynasty, Xiaofangshang was similar to the Qin and Han dynasties, but on a smaller scale. In the Yuan Dynasty, there were no signs on the ground for "tombs without graves". Ming and Qing Dynasties, Baocheng treasure top, plus the wall, the inner mound and higher than the wall, the city is the treasure city, the round hill is the treasure top. Ming is a perfect circle, Qing is an ellipse. The reason why mausoleums can become tourism resources is because they have the following characteristics, namely, majestic architecture, precious cultural relics, beautiful environment, high scientific research value, and easy to hang with the ancient and modern.

　　From the founding of the Ming Dynasty in 1368 to its collapse in 1644, there were 16 emperors before and after the Ming Dynasty, except for the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum in Nanjing, the other imperial tombs were all in Beijing, and only Emperor Jianwen Zhu Yunwen had no mausoleum. Many Ming Dynasty mausoleums have left us with countless places to see.

　　Dear tourist friends, our visit today will end here, thank you for your cooperation with my guide work, welcome to visit Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum again!

　　南京明孝陵英文导游词 7

　　Welcome to Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, one of the most important historical sites in China. This mausoleum was built to honor Emperor Ming Huang, who ruled the Ming Dynasty from 1368 to 1398.

　　As we enter the mausoleum, we will see a grand courtyard, which is surrounded by high walls. This courtyard was originally used as a palace during the Ming Dynasty. The main entrance to the mausoleum is located in the east, and we can see a magnificent archway leading to the inner sanctum.

　　The inner sanctum of the mausoleum is where Emperor Ming Huang is buried. It is a small and simple structure, made of stone and wood, and it contains the emperors remains, as well as a few artifacts and items of clothing. Visitors are not allowed inside the inner sanctum for preservation reasons.

　　However, outside the inner sanctum, there are many other structures that are of interest to visitors. For example, there is the Palace of Eternal Peace, which was used as a living quarters for the emperor and his family. There is also the Imperial Ancestral Temple, which was used for ancestral worship and rituals.

　　Another notable structure in the mausoleum is the Golden Vault, which is located at the northern end of the complex. This vault was originally built as a treasury for the imperial family, but it was later converted into a storage space for valuable artifacts and items.

　　In addition to the structures within the mausoleum, there are also many gardens and pavilions outside of it that are worth exploring. For example, the Emperors Garden is a beautiful and tranquil space that was used by the emperor for relaxation and entertainment.

　　Overall, the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is a fascinating and important site that offers a glimpse into the rich history and culture of China. Thank you for joining us on this tour, and I hope you have enjoyed learning about this fascinating place.

　　南京明孝陵英文导游词 8

　　Good morning/afternoon everyone, welcome to the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum in Nanjing!

　　As we walk towards the main entrance, we can see the beautiful double gates, symbolizing the entrance to the emperors afterlife. These gates were constructed in the Ming Dynasty, more than 500 years ago.

　　Inside the main hall, we can see the emperors sarcophagus, surrounded by his consorts and their descendants. The sarcophagus is made of solid granite and is said to have been constructed in just a year.

　　To the left of the main hall, we can see the Imperial Garden, which was used as a retreat for the emperor and his family during their lifetime. It is a beautiful example of classical Chinese garden design, featuring water features, rock formations, and carefully landscaped gardens.

　　If we move on to the West Court, we can see the Ancestral Hall, where the emperors ancestors were enshrined. This hall is adorned with exquisite decorations, including beautiful paintings and intricate carvings.

　　Lastly, we can visit the North Palace, which was the emperors private residence during his lifetime. It is a well-preserved example of Ming Dynasty architecture, with its traditional wooden construction and beautiful gardens.

　　Thank you for joining me on this tour of the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum. If you have any questions or would like to explore further, please do not hesitate to ask.

　　南京明孝陵英文导游词 9

　　Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, one of the most famous historical sites in China.

　　Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, also known as the Tomb of Ming Emperor Yongle, is located in the suburbs of Nanjing, China. It was built during the reign of Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty, and it serves as the final resting place of Emperor Yongle and his consort, Empress Dowager Wu.

　　The construction of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum started in 1402 and lasted for 27 years. The complex covers an area of approximately 10,000 acres, and it includes numerous buildings, palaces, temples, and other structures.

　　One of the most notable features of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is the Forbidden City, which served as the imperial palace during the Ming Dynasty. The Forbidden City is made up of numerous halls and buildings, including the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Central Harmony, and the Hall of Preserving Harmony.

　　Another highlight of Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is the Long Corridor, which is a 2,700-meter-long passage lined with stone tablets and statues. The corridor contains many beautiful murals and sculptures, including depictions of emperors, concubines, and eunuchs.

　　As you tour the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, you will also have the opportunity to see the Tomb of Yongle, which is the main burial site of Emperor Yongle. The tomb is adorned with many intricate carvings and sculptures, and it is believed to contain numerous treasures and artifacts.

　　In conclusion, the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is a fascinating historical site that provides a glimpse into the lives of Chinas emperors and their courtiers. It is definitely worth a visit for anyone interested in Chinese history and culture. Thank you for joining me on this tour, and I hope you have enjoyed your experience at the Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum.

　　南京明孝陵英文导游词 10

　　Hello and welcome to Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum in Nanjing! Ming Xiaoling is one of the most important and significant mausoleums in China. Here is a brief tour guide for you:

　　Firstly, we are at the entrance of the mausoleum. This entrance is guarded by two majestic dragons that represent power, wisdom, and protection.

　　As we enter the mausoleum, we will see the grandeur of the Ming Dynasty. The grand Hall of Heavenly Purity is a stunning sight to behold. It was the most important hall in the mausoleum, and it was where the Emperor and Empress would worship their ancestors.

　　Next, we will visit the Great Court, which is a vast courtyard that surrounded by beautiful pavilions and halls. It is the largest and most important court in the mausoleum.

　　Moving on, we will visit the Palace of Supreme Harmony, which was the main palace in the mausoleum. It was where the Emperor and Empress lived during their lifetime and after their death.

　　Finally, we will visit the Mausoleum of Emperor Jingdi, which is the main tomb of the Ming Dynasty. It is located in a peaceful and serene environment and is surrounded by beautiful gardens.

　　Overall, Ming Xiaoling is a must-visit place for anyone interested in Chinese history and culture. I hope you enjoyed your tour!

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