New words (M2 U2 Reading)
Shirley Zhang
1. recipe n. 医疗处方；食谱；烹饪法；诀窍
~ for ...
the recipe for cookies / living long
He thinks the only recipe for success lies in hard work.
他认为成功的唯一诀窍在于勤奋。
2. physician n.. 医师, 内科医师
the physician in charge 主治医师
physical adj. 身体的, 物质的, 自然的, 物理的
physicist n. 物理学者, 唯物论者
3. bark n. 树皮, 吠声 v. 吠, 咆哮, 剥树皮
Barking dogs seldom bite. 吠犬不咬人。（真人不露相）
His bark is worse than his bite. 刀子嘴豆腐心。
Dogs always bark at strangers. 狗总是对着陌生人吠。
The officer barked out an order. 那军官大声发出命令。
4. acid n. [化]酸 adj. 酸的, 讽刺的, 刻薄的
acid rain
an acid comment / remark / tone
5. chemist n. 化学家, 药剂师
chemistry n. 化学
chemical adj. 化学的 n. 化学制品, 化学药品
6. trial n. 试验, 考验, 审讯, 审判
a trial match / flight 预赛；试飞
She succeeded in the examination on her third trial. 在她第三次尝试时
The man was on trial for killing a person. 此人因杀人而受审。
They let me have / take the computer on trial for thirty days. 把......拿去试用
by / through trial and error 通过反复试验, 不断摸索
Only by trial and error will you find out what flowers grow best.
7. milligram n. 毫克
milli- 表示“千分之一, 毫”之义
millimeter n. 毫米
millisecond n. 毫秒
8. standardize vt. 使符合标准, 使标准化
standard n. 标准, 规格 adj. 标准的, 权威的, 第一流的
the standard of living / living standards 生活水平
Mr. Li sets high standards of behavior for his students. 对学生的行为提出高标准的要求
His work is below / not up to the required standards. 不合格的，没有达到标准的
standard English pronunciation 标准的英语发音
a standard reference work 一部权威性参考书
a standard composer 一流的作曲家
9. thin vt. 使薄, 使稀薄[疏], 使瘦弱
War and disease thinned (down) the population. 战争与疾病使人口减少。
adj. (thinned, thinning)
a thin slice of bread 一片薄面包
a thin piece of string 一根细绳
a thin mist 薄雾
thin hair 稀疏的头发
thin air 稀薄的空气
thin slim slender lean
Thin a general word; someone has little fat on their body. It is usually (but not always) disapproving
Slim / slender means thin in an attractive way
Skinny means thin in an unattractive way
Lean means thin and looking strong and fit
10. block vt. 防碍, 阻塞
block traffic 妨碍交通
Trees blocked my view. 树挡住了我的视线。
n. 块；街区；大楼；障碍物
a block of wood / stone
an office block 办公大楼
put up a road block 设置路障
It's three blocks to the store from here.
11. length n. 长度, 长；一段，一截
a length of cloth / rope 一段布料/一根绳子
a length / depth / width... of 3 metres
The river is 500 metres long / in length.
12. contemporary n. 同时代的人 adj. 当代的, 同时代的
雪莱和济慈是同一时代的人
Shelley and Keats were contemporaries. / Shelley was contemporary with Keats.
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
contemporary trends in design 现代（派）设计倾向
contemporary literature 当代文学
13. note vt. 注意,；记录；指出，特别提到
请注意这张账单必须在10天之内付清。
Please note that this bill must be paid within 10 days.
The pupil noted (down) what the teacher said. 学生记下了老师的话。
The newspaper does not note what happened next. 这家报纸没有说明随后发生的事情。
他在讲座上着重提到了这一问题的重要性。
He noted the importance of the problem in his lecture.
n. 笔记；短信；注解，注释；票据，纸币；音符
make / take a note of ...
make / take notes
compare notes 交换意见；对笔记
take note of 注意到
change one's note 改变态度，口气
a 10-pound note
Lily has a nice voice but she had trouble hitting the high notes.
leave sb. a note / leave a note for sb.
14. application n. 应用，运用；请求，申请
the application of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods
新的科学发现在工业生产上的运用
an application for a job 求职书
apply vt.
apply to the consul for a visa 向领事申请签证
apply a theory to practice 把理论应用于实践
15. transparent adj. 透明的，显然的，明晰的
transparent glass / windows
transparent lies 明显的谎言
a boy of transparent honesty 一个非常诚实的孩子
16. name vt. 命名, 提名, 叫出, 指定
named them all cowards 称他们为懦夫
name the child after both grandparents 以孩子祖父母的名字给他取名
Can you name all the plants and trees in this garden?
你能叫得出这个花园里所有花草树木的名称吗？
Please name the day for our wedding. 请你决定我们结婚的日子。
name sb./sth. (as) ...
The film was named best foreign film.
Michael has been named as the new chairman. 迈克尔被任命为新的董事长。
n. 名字, 名称, 姓名, 名誉
a boy by the name of ... / named...
in the name of 以...的名义
under the name (of) 用...名字(指化名, 假名, 笔名等)
17. purify vt. vi. 使纯净，净化；使纯洁
(purified, purifying, purifies)
chemicals used to purify the water
pure adj. 纯的；纯粹的；纯净的；无垢的；纯洁的；完美的
pure silk / cotton / wool / gold / water / chocolate / English
18. quantity n.
buy sth. in (large / small) quantities
large/small quantities of + n. 谓语动词用复数
a large/small quantity of + n. 谓语动词单复数由名词决定
Large quantities of goods / food have been stored for the winter.
A large quantity of beer has been sold.
A large quantity of books have been sold.
19. mass n. 块；大多数,；质量；群众,；大量
the masses 群众,，民众，个人阶级
a mass of / masses of + n. [u] / [c] 许多，大量
a huge mass of data 大量数据
a mass of people
Before the rain, there were masses of dark clouds in the sky.
下雨前，天空有大片大片的乌云。
The sun makes up 99.9% of the mass of our solar system.
adj. 群众的；大规模的；集中的
mass production 大规模生产
mass education / media 大众教育；大众传媒
20. powerful adj. 权力强大的，有势力的；有效的，作用大的；有影响的
a powerful drug / man / speech 强效的药/权力大的人物/有感染力的演讲
powerful reasons/arguments 有说服力的推理/论证
powerless adj.
21. wonder adj. 极好的，灵验的
a new wonder drug 新的灵丹妙药
n. 奇迹，惊奇，惊愕
the Seven Wonders of the World 世界七大奇观
It's a wonder (that) no one got hurt. 难得
It’s no wonder (that) you've got a headache, the amount you drank last night.
昨晚你喝得太多，头痛不足为奇。 难怪；不足为奇
vt. 觉得奇怪；惊奇；想知道，不知道
I wonder at his rudeness / his allowing you to do that.
我对他的粗鲁/他允许你做那样的事感到奇怪。
I was wondering if / whether you'd like to come to dinner.
不知可不可以（礼貌的请求）
I wonder if I'll recognize Philip after all these years.
vi. 惊讶，怀疑
-- Is she serious?
-- I wonder. 我看不一定吧。
22. relief n. 解脱的感觉，安慰；(痛苦等的)减轻；(债务等的)免除；救助，救济
give a patient relief from pain / pain relief 使病人减轻痛苦
provide relief for refugees 救济难民
To our great relief, the children all arrived home safely.
The doctor said it was just the flu. What a relief! 谢天谢地
relieve vt.
Drugs helped to relieve the pain.
relieve oneself
relieve sb. of sth. 解除某人的负担
He rose and relieved her of her bags.
relieve sb. of their post / duties / command etc. 免除职务/职责/指挥权
23. fundamental adj. 基础的，基本的；重要的，必要的
a fundamental difference in opinion 看法的根本区别
fundamental mistake/error 根本错误
fundamental human rights
Water is fundamental to survival. 水对于生存是必不可少的。
fundamentalist n. 原教旨主义者
Muslim fundamentalists