Grammar and usage
Teaching aims:
Learn how to make an inversion and in what cases inversion is used.
Teaching Important and difficult point:
When and how to use an inversion.
Teaching procedures:
英语的正常语序是“主语 + 谓语”。 即主语在前，谓语在后。 有时有于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采去倒装形式。将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装；只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前，称为部分倒装。如：.
The teacher came in. (正常语序)
In came the teacher. ( 完全倒装)
I have never seen a film so moving before. (正常语序)
Never before have I seen a film so moving.(部分倒装)
倒装结构通常用于下列情况：
㈠ 完全倒装
1. 用于there be句型。
如：There are many students in the classroom.
2. 用于“here (there, now, then) +vi +主语”的句型中，或以out, in, up, down, away 等副词开头的句子，以示强调。
如：Here comes the bus. There goes the bell.
Now comes your turn. Out went the children.
请看试题：
①--can you tell me where my uncle is?
--Yes, of course,________.
A. here your uncle comes B. here comes your uncle.
C. comes your uncle here D. your uncle here comes
注意： 代词作主语时，主谓语序不变。如：Here it is . In he comes.
请看试题：
② --Where is the report?
--________.
A. There is it B. There it is
C. There the report is D. Is there the report
3. 有时为了生动，或为了强调表语或状语，或使句子平衡而倒装。
如：
1) At the head of the queue was an old woman.
2) On the ground lay an old sick goat.
3) Also present will be a person who thinks up an idea for an advertisement.
4) Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people.
5) Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.
请看试题： ③In each room _____.
A. are ten students B. ten students are C. ten students there are D. ten are students
4. 用于so, nor, neither开头的句子，表示重复前句部分内容。原句的谓语应与前句谓语的时态、形式相一致。
如： He has been to Beijing. So have I.
Li Wei can’t answer the question. Neither can I.
请看试题：
④ --I’d met Philip several times before. -- ________.
A. So did I B. So had I C. I did, either D. I met, also
⑤ --Are you going there with us? --If Mary wants to go, ______.
A. I also go B. so do I C. so I will D. so will I
⑥ --Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? -- I don’t know, _____.
A. nor don’t I care B. nor do I care C. I don’t care neither D. I don’t care also
注意：如果so 不含“也”的意思，即使打头，也不倒装。如：
---- It was cold yesterday. --- So it was.（天确实冷）
㈡ 部分倒装
1. Only修饰的状语提前时。
如： Only then did I begin to know her.
Only in this way can you learn English well.
请看试题：
④Only when he started to explain ____ the reason for this.
A. she realized B. did she realize C. she had realized D. had she realized
2. 某些表示否定意义的词,如: never, hardly, seldom, little, few, at no time, by no means, nowhere, not a bit等在句首时。
如:
1) Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined person.
2) Never shall I forget it.
3) Hardly can I believe that.
请看试题：
⑦Little ___ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself.
A. does he care B. did he care C. he cares D. he cared
⑧Not for a moment ____ the truth of your story.
A. did he made B. he made C. did he make D. he makes
3. 当not only … but also, not until, no sooner… than, hardly… when 在句首时，要倒 装。注意在这些句型中倒装的位置。
not only… but also…句型中，前一个分句倒装，后一个分句不倒装。
如：
Not only was he forcing to stay at home, but he was also forbidden to see his friends.
Not until … 句型中，复合句的前面从句不倒装，后面的主句倒装。
如：
Not until she saw the present did she feel happy.
Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. 。
No sooner … than…, hardly…when的句型中，后面从句不倒装，前面主句倒装。
如：
No sooner had he finished the talk than a man stood up and put forward a question. Hardly had I enter the army when I felt very proud.
请看试题：
⑨Not until his father was out of prison ____ to school.
A. can John go B. John can go C. could John go D. John could go
⑩No sooner ____ asleep than she heard a knock at the door.
A. she had fallen B. had she fallen C. she fell D. did she fall
4. 以as 引导的让步从句，谓语动词以后的部分倒装（提前到as 之前）。
如：
1) Fine as it is, I shall not go out.
2) Hard as he worked, he made little progress.
3) Child as he is, he knows a lot.
5. 省略了if的条件句中，were, had 或 should 可提前句首构成部分倒装。
如：
Were I not so busy, I should go with you.
Had he been here yesterday, he would have come to watch the football match.
Should there be a flood, what should we do?
6. 在so…that（如此…以致于）句型中，若so…提前到句首构成部分倒装。
如：
So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself.
So loudly did he speak that people in the next room could hear him.
7. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子。
如：
1) May you succeed! 2) Long live China!
8. 用于疑问句。如： Do you speak English?