Unit 2 The Environment
Words and Expressions
I. Word extension
1.economy---___________(adj.) -- ______________(经济学家) 2.environment---_______________(adj.)-- _____________（环境保护专家）
3.preservation---____________(vt.) 4.poisonous---_______________(n.)
5.benefit---______________(adj.) 6.responsible---____________(n.)
7.stable---______________(n.) 8.effective---___________(n.)--________(vt.)
9.destruction---____________(vt.) 10.disappoint---_______________(n.)
11.establish---_____________(n.) 12.concern-_________(adj.)--________(prep)
13.conservation---___________(vt.) 14.prohibit---_______________(n.)
15.expand---______________(n.) 16.appreciate---______________(n.)
17.shame--_______________(adj.) 18.decrease---________________(反义词)
19. technical ---_____________(技术人员) 20. diverse---_________________(n.)
II. Key words
1.debate ⑴vt. &vi 辩论，争论
搭配：debate（about）sth. with sb.
debate wh-+to do
debate with oneself 独自考虑，心中盘算
⑵n. 辩论，争论
under debate 正在辩论中
eg. 1. 他们正在争辩什么？_______________________________________
2. 他们正在讨论去还是不去。_________________________________________
3. 我们必须就这件事和父母讨论一下。__________________________________.
拓展：beyond debate 无可争辩
open a debate 展开争辩
hold a debate 举行争辩
a warm debate 激烈的争辩
2.lay vt. 产卵，下蛋，放置，摆放 （laid , laid ）
lie (撒谎)----lied---lied
lie（平躺）---lay---lain
eg. 不要把你的外套放在床上。
______________________________________________________
My brother ______ the hen aside, saying, “It doesn’t _____well these days, perhaps it is sick.
A. lay, lay B. lied, lay C. laid, lie D. laid, lay
拓展：lay aside 把----放在一边，储存（某物）待用
lay off 解雇（工人）
lay out 摊开，摆出
3. approach ⑴vt & vi 接近，靠近，着手处理
eg 1.______________________________ 教师节快到了。
2. He is a man hard ___________________. 他是个难以接近的人。
3. She __________ everything in a peculiar way.
她处理问题方式很怪。
⑵ n. [u] 靠近，临近 [c] 通路，入口，方法，途径（常和介词to连用）
I like her_________ to the problem.
我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。
拓展： make approaches to sb. 设法接近。。。
approach sb. on/about sth. 为。。。与。。。打交道
be easy of approach （人）容易接近；(地方)容易到达，交通方便
4. shock ⑴vt. 使震惊，使震动
eg. It shocked me to think how close we had come to being killed.
想到我们差一点丧命，我就非常害怕。
____________________________________________.
他的所作所为让我们很震惊。
⑵ n.[c] 令人震惊的事件（情况）消息
_____________ it is to hear that the factory would have to close.
A. What a shock B. What shock
C. How a shock D. How shock
5. closely adv. 强调程度上“严密地，紧密地，相似地，仔细地。
close adj. &adv. 强调空间距离上近。
Don’t stand too ______ to the dog. 别离狗太近。
He listened ______to me. 他仔细地听我讲话。
We were so _______ packed in the lift that I could hardly move.
我们紧紧地挤在电梯里，我几乎动弹不了。
6. measure ⑴n. 措施，方法，程度
⑵vt. 测量（长度，大小，重量等）
The centimeter is a _________ of length. 厘米是长度的单位。
The tailor ________ me for a suit. 裁缝量了我的尺寸好做西装。
拓展： take measures to do sth. 采取措施做……
beyond measure 非常地，过度地
in large measure/ in some measure 在很大/某种程度上
take one’s measure 量。。。的尺寸；判断。。。的性格
7. concern ⑴.vt. 与……有关， 关系到，使有关，使担心
be concerned about sth. 担心，忧虑
concern oneself about/ with sth. 使自己关心……
e.g. Don’t ________ yourself _______other people’s affairs. 别干涉他人的事。
So/as far as sb./sth. be concerned 就----而言
拓展：concerned adj. 忧虑的（前置定语、表语），concerning prep. 关于
e.g. __________ ____________ 忧虑的家长
a ___________ _________ 忧虑的表情
____________ your advice, I am thinking about it.
It’s a question ____________ ___________ ____________ _____________.
这是个关于他个人生活的问题。
8. remain ⑴vi. 剩余，遗留，停留
e.g. She _______ ________ ________ ________ _______ ______ her children.
她留在家中照顾小孩。
After the fire, _________ ___________. 火灾过后，所剩无几。
⑵ link v. 仍然是，保存=stay
Although he was asked again and again, he ________ _________. 虽被反复追问，他仍然保持缄默。
拓展：remaining adj. 剩下的（常作前置定语） cf. left adj. 剩下的（常作后置定语）
remain to be done 留待以后再说
e.g. It remains to be seen whether he will pass the test.
9. decrease 减少，减小 （反义词：increase）
decrease in … 在……方面减少
decrease by… 减少（数量）
decrease to… 减少到（结果）
e.g. _________ growth is decreasing ______1.4% each year. 每年人口的增长减少了1.4%。
The boss is going to __________ ________ __________. 老板准备减少他的报酬。
The membership decreased ________ 150. 会员数减少到150人。
Since 1945, air forces have decreased _________ _________.1945年以来，空军的数量已经有了减少。
III．Key phrases
1. in addition 另外，加之 cf. in addition to 加之……；除了……之外。
When he fell off his bike, he hurt his arm and, _______ __________ _________ his glasses. 他从车上摔下来，摔伤了，胳膊，还摔坏了眼镜。
There was an earthquake and, ________ ________, (另外) there were huge waves.
He speaks French _______ ________ _________ English. （除了英语以为）
2. wipe out
⑴彻底消灭，摧毁， 除去，擦洗干净
________________________________________________. 整个村庄在战争中被毁灭。
These stains won’t easily ________ ________. 这些斑点不易去掉。
拓展：wipe away 擦去，消除
wipe off 擦掉，除掉
wipe up 擦净，擦掉
3. cut back (on) 消减，缩减，减少
___________________________________________. 我们应该减少开支。
拓展： cut off 切断 cut in 插嘴， 超车
cut up 切碎 cut down 砍倒，消减
Don’t ________ while I’m speaking.
You’d better cut ________ on eating out in restaurants.
A. off B. down C. in D. away
4. run out （of） 用完；耗尽
e.g. ____________________________________. 我们很快就会吃完我们的食物。
改为同义句Our food _______________________________.
拓展： run across=run into 偶然发现；偶然碰到
in the long run 从长远看；终究
in the short run 在短期内；目前，当前
5. open the floor 自由发言
eg. After ________ the poem, the children ______________ for discussion.
读完这首诗歌后，孩子们开始自由讨论。
拓展：ask for the floor 要求发言
be on the floor 还在发言中
give the floor to 给于发言权
take the floor 开始发言
6. be stocked with 装备有……
_____________________ 这书架上装有好多书。
拓展：
in stock 备有， 有现货
7. result in 导致/引起 （+结果）
result from 由于（+原因）
lead to (doing ) sth. 导致；通向
The accident resulted _______ three deaths. 这个事故导致三人死亡。
The accident ________________________________.
Three deaths ________________________________
Answers:
I.1.economic- economist 2. environmental- environmentalist
3.preserve 4. poison 5. beneficial 6. responsibility 7. stability
8. effect- affect 9. destroy 10. disappointment 11. establishment
12. concerned-concerning 13. conserve 14. prohibition 15. expansion
16. appreciation 17. shameful 18. decrease 19. technician 20. diversity
II. 1.
1. What are they debating about?
2. They are debating whether to go or not.
3. We must debate the question with parents.
2.
Don’t lay your coat on the bed.
D
3.
1. Teachers’ day is approaching.
2. to approach
3. approaches
approach
4.
what he had done shocked us most.
A.
5.
close, closely, closely.
6. measure
measured
7. concern …with/ about
concerned parents , concerned look, concerning.
Concerning his private life
8. remained at home to look after
little remained
remained silent
9. population by
decrease his wage/ pay
to
in size
III.
1. in addition to/ in addition/ in addition to
2. the whole village was wiped out in the battle / war
wipe out
3.we should cut back on our expenses
cut in ,
B.
4.we will soon run out of our food
will soon run out
5.reading, opened the floor.
6.The bookshelf is stocked with lots of books
7.in
led to three deaths
resulted from the accident.