Grammar: Prepositions and prepositional phrases
学习目标：
1. 能够了解主要介词及介词短语的主要用法，并能够正确的运用。
2. 通过练习巩固所学语法。
课前学习：
1． 课前自学课本P8-9，了解并掌握介词及介词短语的用法。
2. 完成P8和P9上的相关练习。
课堂学习：
介词是英语中比较活跃的词，中学阶段所学的介词有40多个。它与名词、形容词、副词和动词等构成搭配时用法灵活，意义丰富。搭配比较活跃的介词主要有in，out，up，down，on，off，to，from，for，over，with等。在学习介词时，应重点掌握介词的基本用法，同时注意总结其与名词、形容词、副词、动词等搭配构成的短语的意思和用法。
【介词分类】
1 简单介词 about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on
2 合成介词 inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, upon, within, without
3 短语介词 according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to
4 双重介词 from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between
5 分词转化成的介词 considering(就而论), including
6 形容词转化成的介词 like, unlike, near, next, opposite
【常用介词区别】
1 表示时间的in, on, at at表示片刻的时间，in表示一段的时间，on总是与日子有关
2 表示时间的since, from since 指从过去到现在的一段时间，和完成时连用，from指从时间的某一点开始
3 表示时间的in, after in指在一段时间之后，after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中
4 表示地理位置的in, on, to in表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外
5 表示“在…上”的on, in on只表示在某物的表面上，in表示占去某物一部分
6 表示“穿过”的through, across through表示从内部通过，与in有关，across表示在表面上通过，与on有关
7 表示“关于”的about, on about指涉及到，on指专门论述
8 between与among的区别 between表示在两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间
9 besides与except的区别 besides指“除了…还有再加上”，except指“除了，减去什么”，不放在句首
10 表示“用”的in, with with表示具体的工具，in表示材料，方式，方法，度量，单位，语言，声音
11 as与like的区别 as意为“作为，以…地位或身份”，like为“象…一样”，指情形相似
12 in与into区别 in通常表示位置（静态），into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置
【介词的固定搭配】-
高考主要考查学生对固定短语的掌握程度、对短语意义的了解以及介词在这些固定搭配中的应用。
1．名词词组：
on the contrary相反；
in turn依次；
in one’s opinion根据某人的看法；
on time准时；
out of reach够不着
2．动词词组：
1).动词+in
give in让步
bring in引进,使得到收入
result in导致
join in参加
drop in拜访
take in接纳,吸收
break in强制进入,插话
call in召集,来访
persist in坚持
fill in填写
cut in插入
hand in上交
2).动词+to
belong to属于
refer to谈到,涉及,参阅
turn to向...求助,查阅
see to处理,料理
bring to使苏醒
agree to同意
add to增添
compare to与...相比,把...比作
lead to导致,通向
attend to处理
object to反对
point to指向
stick/hold/keep to坚持,忠于
come to 共计,苏醒
devote to贡献给
3．形容词词组：
be curious about对……好奇；
be proud of因……而自豪；
be popular with受到……的欢迎
4．介词短语：
apart from除……之外；
in addition to除……之外(还)；
because of因为；
instead of代替；
in fear of为……提心吊胆；
for fear of以免；
in case of防备；
tha nks to由于；
according to根据；
in front of在……前面；
in return for作为对……的回报；
in charge of负责；
as a result of作为……的结果；
in exchange for与……交换
巩固练习：
单项选择
1.Some groups still have difficulties ____ access ____ social services．
A．gain; in B．gaining; to． C．to gain; to D．gaining; of
2.Barack Obama has taken personal blame ________ the security failures which led ________ the attempt to blow up a plane on Christmas Day.
A. of; to B. for; to C. on; on D. in; on
3.---Going to work today, Brenda?
---No. It’s my day today.
A．out B．in C．away D．off
4.We know from their greetings how much they expect ____ us. We won’t let them down.
A. of B. on C. for D. to
5.How the loans are paid should be of little concern to the bank they are paid on time .
A．as well as B．as soon as C．as long as D．as far as
6. I was_______ the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived.
A.in B.to C.at D.on
7. He divided the sweets＿＿＿the children who were divided ＿＿＿three groups.
A. in；in B. into；into C. between；in D. among；into
8. The Internet has brought ________big changes in the way we work.
A. about B. out C. back D. up
9. Early ＿＿＿the morning of May 1, we started off＿＿＿the mountain village.
A. in；for B. in；to C. on；／ D. on；for
10.Everybody was touched _____ words after they heard her moving story.
A. beyond B. without C. of D. in
11.It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot _______ easy reach.
A. near B. upon C. within D. around
12.A great person is always putting others’ interests _________ his own.
A. below B. above C. in D. on
13.Try on this red skirt; you will look great it..
A. on B. by C. in D. for
14.He invited me to a dance after the show Christmas Eve.
A. at B. on C. in D. by
15.You’d sound a lot more polite if you make a request ______ a question.
A. in search of B. in the form of C. in need of D. in the direction of
16. It was a pity that the great writer died _____his works unfinished.
A. for B. with C. from D. of
17. You can’t wear a blue jacket _____that shirt-it’ll look terrible. ★
A. on B. above C. up D. over
18. Ted has been absent＿＿＿＿＿class for quite some time.
A. for B. with C. of D. from
19. The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism _______the wildlife in the area.
A. in B. on C. at D. with
20.I guess we’ve already talked about this before but I’ll ask you again just ______.
A．by nature B．in return C．in case D．by chance
21. The railway was opened＿＿＿＿＿＿traffic＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ April 4, 1985.
A. to；on B. to；in C. by；on D. for；on
22. _____ being a little large, the hat looks nice.
A. Apart from B. Except for C. But for D. All above
23.Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients ______ name, not case number. ★
A of B as C by D with
24.The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for EXPO 2011 is strong1y impressed ________my memory．
A．to B．over C．by D．on
25.It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ______ favors to them.
A. in preference to B. in place of C. in agreement with D. in exchange for
26.More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities ______ space.
A. in search of B. in place of C. for lack of D. for fear of
27．He is running＿＿the wind towards the station＿＿Tom running ＿＿the right.
A. down； and； on B. against； with； on
C. for； with； in D. with； while； to
28. In Hangzhou Mr. Black was so struck＿＿the beauty of nature that he stayed＿＿another night.
A. at；on B. with；at C. for；in D. by； for
29. -- How long has the bookshop been in business?
-- ＿＿＿＿＿＿1987.
A. After B. In C. From D. Since
30. The key ____ success lies ______ persistence and hard work.
A. to; in B. of; for C. for; to D. of; in
31. Guangdong lies＿＿＿the south of China and Fujian is＿＿＿the east of it. Hainan is＿＿the coast of the mainland.
A. in；in；on B. in；on；off C. on；to；on D. in；to；away
32. The student, ＿whom all the teachers are pleased, is very strict ＿himself ＿ everything. ★
A. to；with；in B. with；with；in C. with；at；with D. at；with；at
33. ＿＿＿＿＿hearing the good news, they jumped with joy.
A. For B. To C. On D. At
34. He climbed silently＿＿＿＿＿＿seizing the thief＿＿＿＿＿＿. ★
A. in the purpose； by surprise B. with purpose of； surprisingly
C. with purpose of； surprisedly D. with the purpose of； by surprise
35. The pianist began to play and the girl in red began to sing ＿＿＿＿the music.
A. with B. along C. through D. to
课后学习：
1． 复习现在分词的所有用法及重要考察点
2． 完成书后Workbook中的相关的练习
学习感悟：
1. 我学会了：_________________________________________________________________
2. 我的困惑是(还有哪些不理解的地方)：__________________________________________