Unit 23
Useful expressions
1. have on 有事、有约会
We have a dinner party on for tomorrow evening. 明天晚上我们打算参加晚宴。Sorry, I can't do any overtime this weekend - I've got too much on already. 穿着, 戴着: He had a beautiful new suit on. 他穿着一套好看的新衣服。这句什么意思？Billie has his walkman on all day long.
2. get together 聚集, 收集, 积累
When can we get together? 我们什么时候聚会？Get yourself together. 振作起来！It's ages since I got together with them for a drink. 掌握名词get-together聚会，联欢会: They held a family get-together last month.
3. have a word with 说几句话
(=have a short conversation) I would like a word with you. Are you free now? 我想和你说句话，你有时间吗？We managed to have a quick word before the others arrived. 区分: have words 吵嘴；争论
4. connect … with … 将...连起来；和...有关
Please connect me with Beijing University. 请给我接北京大学。They did not at first connect her with the crime. 他们开始时并没有把她和犯罪联系起来。
5. in other words 换句话说
相当于that is to say：This kind of phone is cordless, in other words, it has no cords or wires. 这种电话是“无绳的”，换句话说，电话上没有导线。In other words, you can walk to a distant part of the office or factory to check the information without putting the phone down. 换句话说，你可以走到远离办公室或工厂的地方去核查资料，而无需把电话机放下。
掌握: in a word简而言之、概括地说 (In short; in summary): In a word, the situation is serious. 总而言之，形势很严峻。
6. free of charge 免费
(= at no cost): All the books were given away free of charge. 所有的书都免费赠送。Your order will be delivered free of charge within a ten-mile limit.
7. all the best
一般是在临别时表示祝愿, 相当于All the best wishes to you. 如: All the best in your new job. 祝你在新的工作岗位上一切顺利。All the best with your family. 祝你全家都好。
Sentence patterns
1. The speaker's supposed to be excellent. 演讲人应该是一流的吧。
suppose是“猜想、认为”的意思。常常用于不定式复合结构 suppose sb./sth. to be，表示“认为某人/某物怎样”。本句是这个句子的被动式，即sb./sth. is supposed to be…表示“某人/某物被认为怎样”、 “应该”。如：Harry Potter is supposed to be one of the best films. We are not supposed to play football on Sundays. 不准我们在星期日踢足球。You're supposed to ask the teacher if you want to leave the classroom.
2. They need to be strengthened every 3-4km. 因此，每隔3-4公里，信号就得增强。
need 表达“某人/物需要被……”时，后面要跟动词不定式的被动语态need to be done，或动名词need doing (包含了被动的含义), 如: The windows need cleaning. 或The windows need to be cleaned. 窗子需要擦了。I think these potatoes need to be cooked a little longer. 或need cooking 类似的词还有demand, require, want等。
Language tips
1. Hold on. I'll go and get her. 别挂上，我去叫她。
hold on 是“不要挂断电话”。如：Hold on a minute.等一会儿。
2. At the beginning it was difficult to hear people over long distances. 开始很难听到远方的人讲话的声音。
over在这里是“距离长达……”的意思，在这里相当于through，表示在空间上的跨越。例如：
drive over a road 沿着道路一直开下去；over a good distance.在一长段的区域中，在这里good相当于程度副词very。掌握这些搭配: stay over the holidays 一直呆到假期结束; can't tell you over the phone；不能通过电话告诉你; chat over coffee 喝着咖啡聊天; Think the problem over 全面地思考这个问题; rule over a kingdom 统治一个王国; speak to sb. over one's shoulder 转过头去和某人说话; friends over the sea 海外的朋友; work over night 通霄工作
3. In those days, to make a call, you had to wind a handle at the side of your telephone. This produced enough electricity to make your call. 那时，你要打电话就得转动电话机旁的摇柄，才会产生足够的电供你打电话。
wind做动词，发音是[waind]，它的过去式和过去分词都是 wound, 读作[waund],意思是“弯曲、蜿蜒”或者“缠绕”、“转动、上发条”的意思。如：wind a wool into a ball把羊毛绕成球; Have you wound your watch? 表上发条了吗？The path winds s (its way) through the woods. 这条路蜿蜒穿过树林。下一句是什么意思？A gentle wind was blowing through the trees.
4. The operator connected the two numbers and made a note of the length of the telephone call and the charge. 接线员把两个号码接通然后记下通话的时间和电话费。
make/take a note of… 是“记关于……的笔记”，如：make note of the lecture；做讲课的笔记; Please make a note of my new address. 请把我的新地址记下来。took notes during the lecture 上课做笔记 区分: take note of 注意；发现
6. The problem with electrical signals is that they get weaker and weaker as they travel along metal wires. 电信号有一个难题，就是当其沿着金属导线传送时，信号就会变得越来越弱。
the problem with … 是常用的结构: the problem with smoking 吸烟带来的问题; The problem with rubbish is very serious. （有关）垃圾问题很严重。
7. Light signals, however, can travel 150 km without getting weaker, and their signal is clearer too. 然而，光信号却可以传输150公里而不减弱，而且光信号也比较清晰。
however在句中的位置比较灵活，可以放在句首、句中或句尾：多或少However I'll do it in my own way. 可是，我将照我自己的方式去做。Later, however, he made up his mind to do that.可是，后来他就下定决心去做了。He said it was so, he was mistaken, however. 他说事情就是那样，不过他错了。一般but只位于句首。
8. You can take it with you wherever you go, for example, when you go for a meal in a restaurant. 无论你走到哪里，例如去饭馆吃饭，你都可以带着它。
wherever you go 中的wherever是连词，作“无论何地”，“不管…在哪里”解，引起一个表示让步的状语从句，例如：Wherever he goes, I'll go with him. 不论他走到哪里，我都跟他走。I will find her wherever she may be. 不管她可能在什么地方，我总会找到她的。
9. One new model has lately been developed for business people. 最近还为商务人员研制了一种新式机型。
lately意思是recently，作“近来”解，句子的谓语动词常用完成时，如: I haven't seen him lately.
最近我没有见过他。Have you been on a bus lately? 你最近乘过公共汽车吗？
10. You can record up to 20 different names with their telephone numbers on this kind of phone. 在这种电话机上你可以录下20个不同的姓名和他们的电话号码。
up to是“直到……，达到……”的意思，表示截止到什么数量或时间为止。例如：up to this time 直到此刻。up to常在表示时间的句子中，如：The family had lived in this house up to the 19th century. 这家族在这栋房屋中一直住到19世纪。up to还可以表示物理位置上的“直到”，例如：The snow came up to my knees. 雪集到了我的膝盖。
Grammar
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。有几点要注意：
⑴that在句首不可省去: That he will come and help you is certain. 他来帮助你是确实无疑的。
⑵主语从句表语从句和同位语从句中只能用whether不可用if : He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意此事这样一个问题。
⑶主语从句放在句首，句子常显得笨重，因此一般把它移到句子后面，前面用引导词“it”来作形式主语: It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
⑷whether常与or not连用，不能用if代替, 另外作介词宾语要用whether不能用if: Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
⑸同位语从句注意与定语从句区别，同位语从句对前一名词做补充说明，that在从句中无语法位置，而定语从句所修饰词在从句中占一语法位置：The idea that one can do the work without thinking is wrong．(同位语从句)The idea that you put forward at the meeting is wrong．(定语从句)
Language record
In this unit I have learned to say in English:
Useful Expressions:
1．万事如意 2．通过卫星传送
3．记下费用 4．电话会议
5．接通几个电话号码 6．带着到处走
7．去饭馆吃饭 8．查找资料
9．缝纫机 10．针线
Sentences:
1．我想和她说句话。
2．让我们另找个时间聚聚谈谈吧。
3．电话设备取得了长足的进步。
4．现在生产出了特别给办公室用的新型电话。
5．最近还为商务人员研制了一种新式机型。
6．问题是在农村很多女孩得不到良好教育。
7．与好书交朋友对你会终生有益。