科目 英语
年级 高一
文件 high1 unit5.5.doc
标题 Why do you do that ?
章节 第五单元
关键词 内容
一、教法建议
【抛砖引玉】
同学们，你看我们生活的都市，高楼林立，车水马龙，红尘滚滚，扰攘纷纷。只有绿色才能抵消这种种的烦恼与不安，让生活多一点舒适和畅怀。绿色植物可使人心旷神怡，绿色植物可减少二氧化碳，增加氧气，使我们生存环境的空气更加清新。如果我们能在工作或者学习之余培养一点栽花莳草的兴趣和爱好，将脑力劳动和体力劳动相结合，那将大大有益于健康，比吃什么营养补剂都更胜一筹。
在本单元我们将学习一篇新闻报道，这是一个真实的故事。故事发生在印度北部、喜马拉雅山南麓的一个村庄，记述的是妇女们造林、护林的感人事迹。妇女植树造林看来只是小事一桩，但它有着深远的意义。下面以森林为例来透视植物对我们的作用。
森林不仅提供木材和其它林副产品，还在维持生态平衡、保护人类周围环境中起重要作用。森林的社会效益，大大超过它的经济效益。森林是陆地最大的生态系统。从面积上农地占陆地面积 9．5% ，森林占29% ， 森林占陆地面积最大。在各种生态系统中，绿色植物都进行着光合作用，制造有机养料，把太阳能贮存在有机物中。在这方面，森林也居首位。森林维护生态平衡方面的最大功能是调节气候。森林有增加降水、减轻霜害、减免冰雹等调节气候的功能。此外，森林还具有防风、涵养水源、保持水土不易流失等作用。森林在保护和改善环境方面的作用，主要是制造氧气、净化空气、过滤尘埃、杀灭细菌和消除噪音等。
作为有理想、有抱负的中学生，学习本单元之后，应该认识到我国地域广阔，发展林业有较为优越的自然条件。但由于历史的原因，我国森林覆盖率只有 12 . 7% ，比世界上许多国家的森林覆盖率都要少。所以防止乱砍乱伐，大力开展植树造林，提高我国的森林覆盖率，是摆在全国人民面前的一项重要任务。
【指点迷津】
A. 单元重点新词透视
1. sow (sowed , sown /sowed) 播种
We sowed our vegetable seed yesterday .
This field was not sown / sowed grain .
测试要点：在写作和阅读中不要把 sow 与 sew (缝纫) 相混淆。sew 的过去式是 sewed , 过去分词是 sewn / sewed 。
2. feed (fed , fed ) 喂养；饲养
The patient can't feed himself yet . 病人还不能自己进食。
－Alice , you feed the bird today , ?
－But I fed it yesterday .
A. do you B. will you C. didn't you D. don't you (答案B)
Well fed , well bread . 吃得饱，懂礼貌。（谚语）
测试要点：(1) 作及物动词常用句型：feed + 食用者 + on + sth = feed + sth + to + 食用者 。用介词 on 后的宾语是食用者的生存需要品。
What do you feed your cat on ?
The nurse fed these babies on cow's milk . = The nurse fed cow's milk to these babies .
(2) feed + 食用者 + with + sth 。“用……喂……”，这里用with 表达喂时所用的工具。
Mother fed her baby with a bowl .
(3) feed 作不及物动词时的常考搭配是：feed (mainly) on (主要) 以……为食。
Cattle feed chiefly on grass . 牛主要以草为食。
3. fetch 去取；去拿
I asked him to fetch me the evening paper .
She rose and fetched a chair from the next room .
Let's go and fetch some water .
测试要点：区别 fetch ; take ; bring ; carry ; get
fetch 侧重动作的一去一回。get 侧重从此处去把……找来。carry 侧重肩挑、手提或者车船的拉运。take 侧重从说话处把某物拿走，是 bring 的反义词。bring 侧重把某人或者某物从别的地方到说话处。
Next time , bring your friends to our party .
Do take this letter to the post office after work . 下班后务必把这封信送到邮局。
对比：I will bring my mother back home from hospital this evening .
今晚我要把母亲从医院里接回家。
Let's have one more drink , and then I will take you back home .
我们再喝一杯，然后我就送你回家去。
Bus No. 18 carried us ti the railway station . 18 号公共汽车把我们送到了火车站。
Shall I get a doctor for you ?
Will you please fetch me some water ?
4. percent = per cent 百分之……；每百中
I am 100 percent in agreement with you . 我是完全同意。
12 is 1 % of 1200 . 12 是 1200 的 1 % 。
测试要点：(1) 增加到 百分之几常用介词 by 表达。
The number of the students has increased by 15 % . 学生的数目已经增加了 15 % 。
(2) 百分数作主语，谓语同百分数后 of 短语的宾语相一致。当 of 后的宾语是可数名词复数时谓语用复数，当 of 后的宾语是不可数名词时，谓语用单数。有时谓语的形式还受句尾名词的影响。
Ten percent of the pupils are from South China . 百分之 10 的学生来自华南。
对比：Ten percent of the time has been wasted . How he regretted ! 百分之十的时间被浪费掉了。他真后悔。
This company can only supply 30 percent of what we need . 这个公司只能供给我们需要的 30 % 。
80 % of the population in China are farmers . 中国 80% 的人口是农民。
5. operate 实施；负责；动手术；操作；经营
Do you know how to operate this sewing machine ? 你知道如何操作这台缝纫机吗？
It is difficult to operate this car . 操作这辆车并不难。
He operates such a large factory well . 他把这么大的工厂管理得井井有条。
测试要点：动手术 operate on
This well-known doctor will operate on the baby's eyes . 这位名医将给那个婴儿做眼部手术。
6. free 免费的；有空的；自由的
Are you free this weekend ? 本周末你有空吗？
测试要点：(1) set free 释放；给以自由
After many years' struggle , they were set free in the end .
I hope you will set the poor bird free . 我希望你能放了这只可怜的小鸟。
(2) free of charge 免费
You needn't pay for it . It is free (of change . 你不必付款。那是免费供应的。
7. guide 作动词是“指导；引导”。
Professor Wang guided him in studying history . 王教授指导他研究历史。
测试要点：guide 作名词“向导；指南；入门”时，其后面常跟介词 to 。类似的名词还有：key , entrance , note , monument 纪念碑。
Will you please buy me a guide to English grammar ? 你能给我买本英语语法指南吗？
Don't lose the keys to our classrooms , will you ? 不要把我们教室门上的钥匙丢了，好吗？
8. purpose 目的；意图
What is your purpose in doing this exercise ? 你做这个练习有啥用意 ？
His purpose in going to the US is to look for his uncle . 他美国之行的目的是找他的舅舅。
测试要点：(1) “purpose of + 名词”是表达“……的目的”。“purpose + in + doing”是表达“做……的意图或者目的”。
For what purpose do you want to go to the Great Wall ? 你要去长城的目的是什么？
(2) on purpose = by design 故意的。by chance = by accident 偶然地
It is not likely that he did it on purpose . 他不见得是故意做那件时的。
I am sure that he comes here on purpose to borrow money from me once more . 我敢肯定的是，他来这里是为了再次向我借钱。
B. 单元重点词组扫瞄
1. so that 做连词是“以便；以致”，引导目的或者结果状语从句。当引导的是目的状语从句时，从句中常有情态动词。
Speak clearly so that we may understand you . 请说清楚点，以便我们能听懂。
They sent him to a hospital so that his mother would not have to look after him all the time .
She started early so that she could get there in time .
测试要点：(1) 辨别 so that 和in order that
二者都可以表达目的，但在目前的 NMET 测试中仍考查 in order that 可以放在句首 ， so that 不能。
In order that she can catch up with the other students , she studies harder than ever . 为了赶上其他同学，它比以前更加努力学习了。
He often tells lies , so that no one believes him .
It was so cold that the river froze .
对比：We turned the radio up so that everyone might hear the news . 我们把收音机的音量调大，以便大家都能听到新闻。 (目的状语从句)
We turned the radio up , so that everyone heard the news . 我们把收音机的音量调大了，结果大家都听到了这条新闻。
(2) so that 表达结果和 “so + 形容词 / 副词 + that ”表达程度有区别。
He got up early so that he could catch the early bus . (表达目的)
He got up so late that he missed the bus . (表达结果)
(3) so that 引起目的状语从句时，so 有时可被省略。引导结果状语从句时， that 可被省略。
Let's take the front seats (so ) that we can see clearly . （表达目的）
All possible methods were tried , so (that) they were able to find out which was the best . (表达结果)
2. grow up 长大
When you grow up , what are you going to be ? 你长大后想干什么？
测试要点：区别 grow up ; grow into ; grow out ; grow on / upon ; grow out of
grow into 成长为；变为。He has grown into a fine young man . 他已成长为一位潇洒的青年。
grow out 肿胀；膨胀。He had his leg hurt and it began to grow out . 他腿部受了伤，开始肿胀了。
grow out of 来自于；源于；变得不适合了。His troubles grew out of his carelessness . 他的烦恼来自于他的粗心大意。The boy grew out of this clothes . 这孩子长得衣服都不合身了。
grow on / upon 逐渐加强；渐渐使人喜欢。 The wish to New York grew upon Miss Green . 格林小姐愈来愈想去纽约了。Football grew on Billy as he grew older . 随着年龄的增长，比利对足球的兴趣愈来愈浓。
3. in the past 在过去 （注意时态用一般过去时）
测试要点：区别in the past 与in the past few years , in the last few years , for the past few years , over the past few years , during the past few years 这些都表达“在过去的几年里”（注意时态用现在完成时）
What has changed in the past few years ?
In the past , there were no trees left in or around the village .
另外注意；at present 在目前；现在。in the future 在将来。
4. A few of them 他们中的一些
a few trees 一些树
注意：a few of the trees 树中的一些
5. since then 自从那以后（句子常用现在完成时）
Since then great changes have taken place in China .
注意：after that time 从那以后 （句子用一般过去时）
After that time , many changes took place .
6. knock down 拆掉；撞倒
He almost knocked the boy down . 他险些把那孩子撞倒。
测试要点：区别 knock down ; knock into ; knock over ; knock on ; knock out
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