核心词汇
1．The movie opens with a____________(场景)in a New York apartment.
2．You mustn’t park here without a parking____________(执照)．
3．The girl is____________(盯着)at the stranger with her eyes wide open.
4. I have just____________(挑出)a mistake on the front cover of the magazine.
5．Never judge a person only by his clothes and____________(外貌)．
6．The reason he gave to____________(解释)for his absence was unbelievable.
7．It’s good____________(礼貌)to say goodbye to the host when leaving.
8．It wasn’t a good thing；on the____________it was a huge mistake.
9．Teaching children with special needs requires____________and understanding.She is usually____________with her students and never makes them disappointed.(patience)
10．用adventure的适当形式填空
(1) When you are a child，life is one big____________.
(2)Many young teachers would like to be more__________and creative.
1.scene 2.permit 3.staring 4.spotted 5.appearance 6.account 7.manners 8.contrary 9.patience；patient,10.(1)adventure；(2)adventurous
高频短语
1．________________ 抚养；培养；教育；提出
2．________________ 前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说
3．________________ 偶然；无意中；不小心
4．________________ 盯着看；凝视
5．________________ 导致；做出解释
6．________________ 与此相反；正相反
7．________________ 冒险
8．________________ 衣衫褴褛
9．________________ 关于；至于
10．________________ 说实话
1.bring up 2.go ahead 3.by accident 4.stare at 5.account for 6.on the contrary 7.take a chance 8.in rags 9.as for 10.to be honest
重点句式
1．Well，towards nightfall I____________to sea by a strong wind.
嗯，夜晚来临的时候，我发现自己被一阵强风刮进了海里。
2．The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost____________by a ship.
第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
3．And____________brought you to England.
是那艘船把你带到英国来的。
4．____________I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand，which accounts for my appearance.
事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我衣冠不整的原因。
5．Indeed，sir，I hope you’ll come here__________you like.
真的，先生，我希望您想来的时候，您就来。
1.found myself carried out 2.when I was spotted 3.it was the ship that 4.The fact is that 5.whenever
知识详解
1.scene n． (戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色
[归纳拓展]
[例句探源]
①The happy scene of children playing in the garden disappeared，and it was quiet again.
孩子们在花园里高兴地玩的场面消失后，花园又安静了下来。
②(牛津P1779)Firefighters were on the scene immediately.
消防队立刻赶到现场。
③They rushed to the scene of the traffic accident.
他们火速赶到交通事故的现场。
【高效记忆】
[易混辨析]
scene，scenery，view
(1)scene指都市景观或室内陈设，还可指舞台场面或部分布景，是可数名词。
(2)scenery指山河湖海等自然景观，也可指舞台全部，是不可数名词。
(3)view指从远处或高处看到的风景。
①The night scene in Shanghai is quite beautiful.
②They stopped to admire the scenery of the mountain.
③The view from the top of the hill is wonderful.
[即境活用]
1．Seeing the happy________of children playing in the park，I’m full of joy and confidence in the future of our country.
A．sight B．scene
C．view D．sign
解析：选B。sight视力，视野；scene 场面，情景，景色；view 观点，(从某一角度看到的)风景；sign记号，符号，征兆。
2．On the top of Mount Tai，you can get a wonderful________of the sunrise.
A．view B．scene
C．sign D．sight
解析：选A。句意：从泰山山顶，你能看到美丽的日出景色。
2.permit v． 允许；容许；许可
n． 许可证；执照；通行证
(回归课本P18)Permit me to lead the way，sir.
先生，请让我来带路吧。
[归纳拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津P1478)Visitors are not permitted to take photographs.
参观者请勿拍照。
②My parents didn’t permit my going with you.
我父母不准我和你一起去。
③We’ll discuss all the questions if time permits.
如果时间允许，我们将把所有问题都讨论一下。
④You are not allowed to park here unless you have a permit.
除非你有许可证，否则不许在这里停车。
[即境活用]
3．I’m sorry，I can’t give you the telephone number without Mr.Smith’s________.
A．permission B．allowing
C．agreement D．performance
解析：选A。考查名词辨析。without one’s permission意为“未经某人允许”。
4．She is a very gentle child，so she will never do anything that is not________of by her parents.
A．admitted B．reminded
C．permitted D．approved
解析：选D。approve of 赞成，称许。admit承认；remind提醒；permit允许，都为及物动词，后无需再加of，故排除。
3.fault n． 责任；过错；缺点
vt. 对……挑毛病
(回归课本P18)It was all my fault.
这都是我的错。
[归纳拓展]
[例句探源]
①(朗文P742)Somehow，people seem to think it’s my fault for letting him in.
不知怎的，人们似乎认为让他进来是我的过错。
② I wonder how they got lost and whose fault it was.
我想知道他们是怎么迷路的，又是谁的过错。
③He is such a man who is always finding fault with other people.
他是一个总爱挑别人毛病的人。
[即境活用]
5．完成句子
(1)我希望你不要再对我做的一切吹毛求疵了。
I wish you’d stop trying to ________ ________ ________ ________ I do.
答案：find fault with everything
(2)从你的文章里我找不到错误，它完美无瑕。
I can’t ________ ________ ________ your paper.It is perfect.
答案：find fault in
4.spot vt. 发现；认出
n． 斑点；污点；地点
(回归课本P18)The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.
第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
[归纳拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津P1946)I finally spotted my friend in the crowd.
我终于在人群中看见了我的朋友。
②(朗文P1987)They offered me a job on the spot.
他们当即给我提供了一份工作。
③(牛津P1946)He showed me the exact spot where he had asked her to marry him.
他把他当时向她求婚的确切地点指给我看。
[即境活用]
6．我刚刚坐下来工作就发现有东西在树林里挪动。
I had just sat down to work when I________ ________ ________in the trees.
答案：spotted something moving
5.account vi.& vt. 认为；说明；总计有
n． 说明；理由；计算；账目；报道
(回归课本P18)The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand，which accounts for my appearance.
事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我为什么衣冠不整了。
[归纳拓展]
[例句探源]
①(牛津P13)The poor weather may have accounted for the small crowd.
天气不好可能是人来得少的原因。
②(朗文P14)Recent pressures at work may account for Steve’s strange behaviour.
史蒂夫行为奇怪，可能是因为他最近工作上的压力所致。
③On no account must you tell him the truth.
你决不可以把事实真相告诉他。
④His exam results were not very good，but we must take his long illness into account.
他的考试成绩不是很好，但我们必须考虑到他曾长期生病。
[即境活用]
7．Even scientists cannot completely________the strange behaviors of animals before an earthquake.
A．account for B．make for
C．call for D．go in for
解析：选A。考查动词短语。句意：甚至连科学家都还不能完全解释动物在地震前的奇怪行为。account for作出解释。make for有利于；call for需要，要求；go in for从事，参加。
6.bring up 培养；抚养；教育；提出；呕吐
(回归课本P17)He was brought up in Hannibal，Missouri，along the Mississippi River.
他在密西西比河边的密苏里州的汉尼拔长大。
[归纳拓展]
bring about 引起，产生，带来
bring down 使倒下；降低；减少
bring in 引进；赚得；收(庄稼)
bring on 引起，导致；使……发展(或前进)；提出……供讨论
[例句探源]
①(朗文P239)Some people laughed at the idea when I first brought it up.
我第一次把这想法提出来时受到一些人的嘲笑。
②(朗文P239)All of our kids were brought up to respect other people.
我们的孩子都被教育要尊敬别人。
③He was born in the country but he was brought up by his aunt in the city.
他出生在乡下，但是由姑母在城市里抚养长大。
④We aim to bring down prices on all our computers.
我们打算降低我们所有计算机的价格。
[即境活用]
8．用bring about；bring up；bring in填空：
(1)Phelps was____________by his mother after his parents divorced when he was young.
答案：brought up
(2)Science and technology has____________many changes in our hometown.
答案：brought about
(3)The discussion came alive when an interesting topic was____________.
答案：brought in
句型梳理
1【教材原句】 The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.(P18)
第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
【句法分析】 had just done...when...刚做完某事，这时……
be doing...when...正在做……这时……
be about to do...when...正要做……这时……
be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时……
①He had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.
他刚上床睡觉，这时电话响了。
②He was reading newspapers when he heard his name called.
他正在读报，这时听到有人叫他的名字。
③I was about to go out when an unexpected visitor came.
我正要出门，一位不速之客来访了。
④She was on the point of leaving when I arrived.
她正要离开，这时我来了。
[即境活用]
9．(2010年高考全国卷Ⅱ)Tom was about to close the window________his attention was caught by a bird.
A．when B．if
C．and D．till
解析：选A。句意：汤姆正要关上窗户，就在这时一只鸟引起了他的注意。在句式“...be about to do...when...”中，when作并列连词，相当于and at that time，句中was about to close为标志词，故答案为A项。
2【教材原句】 Indeed，sir，I hope you’ll come here whenever you like.(P22)
真的，先生，我希望您想来的时候，您就来。
【句法分析】 whenever 意为“在任何时候，无论何时”。
(1)whenever，wherever，however 引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。
(2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever 既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
(3)however 用作连接副词，相当于no matter how，引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管怎样……；无论如何……”，具体结构为：however＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语。
①Whenever we met with difficulties，they came to help us.
每当我们遇到困难的时候，他们都会帮助我们。
②However great the difficulties are，we must complete the task in time.不管困难有多大，我们都必须及时完成任务。
③Whatever your problems are，you mustn’t lose heart.
不管你面临的是什么问题，都不要失去信心。
【温馨提示】 whichever，whatever在句中还可作定语。
④The content is the same whichever book you choose.
不管你选哪一本书，内容都是一样的。
[即境活用]
10．(2010年高考上海卷)________you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
A．However a serious problem
B．What a serious problem
C．However serious a problem
D．What serious a problem
解析：选C。句意：不论你的问题有多严重，你都应该鼓起勇气，接受挑战。考查状语从句。分析题干可知逗号前是让步状语从句，what不能用来引导状语从句，所以排除B、D两项；however＋adj.＋a/an＋单数名词＝whatever＋a/an＋adj.＋单数名词，故C项正确。
11．(2010年高考安徽卷)The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities，________they have the interest.
A．wherever B．whenever
C．even if D．as if
解析：选C。句意：工程师们如此忙碌，以至于没时间做户外活动，即使他们对做户外活动很感兴趣。本题考查连词。even if即使，引导让步状语从句。wherever无论什么地方；whenever无论什么时候；as if好像。
12．(2009年高考陕西卷)The howMto book can be of help to________wants to do the job.
A．who B．whomever
C．no matter who D．whoever
解析：选D。句意：指南类的书对想从事这项工作的任何人都会有帮助。本题考查名词性从句。首先排除C项，no matter who只能引导状语从句；who 表特指；whomever与whoever同样可以表示任何人，但设空处连接代词需作宾语从句的主语，故排除B项。
13．The magnificent tower must be saved，________ the cost!
A．however B．whichever
C．whatever D．wherever
解析：选C。考查连词。该句是省略句，省略了谓语动词is，补充完整就是whatever the cost is，由此可以看出从句中缺少的是表语。whichever表示在特定范围内选择，而句中没有可供选择的范围，所以要用whatever，相当于no matter what，在此引导让步状语从句。
倒装句和强调句
倒装是一种语法手段，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。倒装句有两种：完全倒装和部分倒装。
完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词，而非助动词)。
【佳句选粹】
In came the teacher and the class began.
【分析】 句意：老师走了进来，然后开始上
课。in放于句首，整个句子用了全部倒装的形
式，came放到了the teacher之前。
部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前，或把句子的强调成分提前。
【佳句选粹】
Were she to leave right now，she would get there on Sunday.
【分析】 句意：如果她立刻就走，她就能在星期天到达那里。此句前半部分省去了If，把were提前。
【佳句选粹】
Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.
【分析】 句意：小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。否定词放于句首，主句用部分倒装，did提到了主语little John之前。
强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式，写作中常使用强调
句，常见的有：
【佳句选粹】
It was on Monday night that all this happened.
【分析】 句意：所有这一切发生在周一晚上。用强调句型：“It is(was)＋被强调成分＋that(who)＋原句其他成分”来强调说话人的意
愿，强调时间“on Monday night”。
【佳句选粹】
①He does know the place well.
他的确很熟悉这个地方。
②Do write to me when you get there.
你到那儿后务必给我来信。
【分析】 用助动词“do(does/did)＋动词原形”来表示强调。
（小周）